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Dublin was set as the capital of the Irish Free State, and in 1937 a new constitution renamed the nation Éire, or Ireland. In 1949 it became a republic and left the British Commonwealth. The Protestant majority and Catholic minority in Northern Ireland were in conflict almost from the beginning.
- Tensions Leading to The Troubles
- A 1960s Civil Rights Movement Modeled on The Us
- Police Charge Protestors in Derry
- Violence at Burntollet Bridge
- Battle of The Bogside
- 'Bloody Sunday' and 30 Years of Sectarian Violence
The origins of the Troubles date back to centuries of warfare in which the predominantly Catholic people of Ireland attempted to break free of British (overwhelmingly Protestant) rule. In 1921, the Irish successfully fought for independence and Ireland was partitioned into two countries: the Irish Free State, which was almost entirely Catholic, and...
In the 1960s, a new generation of politically and socially conscious young Catholic nationalists in Northern Ireland started looking to the civil rights movementin America as a model for ending what they saw as brazen anti-Catholic discrimination in their home country. “There was systematic discrimination in housing and jobs,” says James Smyth, an ...
On October 5, 1968, a protest march was planned along Duke Street in Derry. The nationalist activists wanted to draw attention to discriminatory housing policies that resulted in de facto segregation along sectarian and religious lines. The march was banned by the Northern Ireland government, but protestors defied the order and gathered on October ...
The police crackdown on October 5, 1968, ratcheted up tensions between Catholic nationalists and Protestant loyalists and set the stage for more violent clashes. On New Year's Day, 1969, nationalist activists took a page from Martin Luther King Jr.’s historic March on Selma and organized a march from Belfast, the capital of Northern Ireland, to Der...
Some historians peg the real beginning of the Troubles to the events of August 1969, when a loyalist parade in Derry sparked three days of rioting and violent reprisals. Across Northern Ireland, says Smyth, loyalist groups regularly organized parades to commemorate Protestant military victories dating back to the 17th century. In Derry, the local c...
The British troops were initially welcomed by the Catholic nationalists as potential protectors, but the military soon instituted a controversial policy of “internment without trial,” after which hundreds of suspected IRA members were rounded up and imprisoned without due process. On January 30, 1972, Catholic nationalists in Derry organized a marc...
- Dave Roos
- 3 min
See Northern Ireland flags issue for more. Northern Ireland ( Irish: Tuaisceart Éireann [ˈt̪ˠuəʃcəɾˠt̪ˠ ˈeːɾʲən̪ˠ] ⓘ; [13] Ulster Scots: Norlin Airlann) is a part of the United Kingdom in the north-east of the island of Ireland that is variously described as a country, province or region.
Apr 8, 2022 · Majority-Catholic Ireland gained its independence, and Northern Ireland, billed as "a Protestant state for Protestant people," remained part of the United Kingdom. But not all Northern Irish...
Sep 22, 2022 · BBC News NI. The latest census figures show that for the first time there are more people from a Catholic background in Northern Ireland than Protestant. The proportion of the resident...
Sep 23, 2022 · DUBLIN (CNS)—More people in Northern Ireland now identify as Catholic than Protestant for the first time in the history of the jurisdiction, new census figures reveal. The data has led to...
Sep 22, 2022 · The proportion of the resident population which is either Catholic or brought up Catholic is 45.7 % compared to 43.48 % Protestant. The previous census, in 2011, found that 45.1% of the...
