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Third-cousins once removed
- Like many royal marriages of the period, it breached the rules of consanguinity, then at their most restrictive (to seven generations or degrees of relatedness); Matilda and William were third-cousins once removed.
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The throne was instead taken by Matilda's male cousin Stephen of Blois, who enjoyed the backing of the English Church. Stephen took steps to solidify his new regime but faced threats both from neighbouring powers and from opponents within his kingdom.
Meanwhile, Matilda's cousin, Stephen of Blois, the son of Henry's sister, Adela, dashed at once to England, where he had himself crowned king on Dec. 22, 1135.
Jul 19, 2021 · We can think of Empress Matilda as the fierce nearly Norman queen, who battled her cousin Stephen and the sexism of medieval England for 19 long years, during a period described as ‘The Anarchy’.
- Heir Apparent
- The Anarchy
- Conclusion
- Sources
As Matilda fulfilled her duties as empress, her younger brother, William, was being groomed as Henry I’s heir. However, this situation changed unexpectedly in November 1120. While sailing back to England at night, the ship’s drunken crew recklessly crashed into a rock at the harbor’s mouth. The boat sank within minutes and caused many deaths. Unfor...
Despite her claim being denied, Matilda still had support. Honoring his oath, King David Iof Scotland invaded England on his niece’s behalf. As the Scottish army fought against the English in the north, Matilda’s half-brother, Robert of Gloucester, also fought against Stephen. Although illegitimate, Robert had widespread respect, and his backing ga...
Matilda spent the majority of her life fighting for the English throne. Although a legitimate heir, her claim was ignored based on her gender. Despite being discriminated against, the fiery Matilda refused to let someone else have her birthright. With the support of her uncle and half-brother, she almost became the Queen of England. However, her ar...
Castor, H. (2011). She-Wolves: The Women Who Ruled England Before Elizabeth. London: Folio Society. The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. (2020, January 01). Matilda. Retrieved April 19, 2020, from https://www.britannica.com/biography/Matilda-daughter-of-Henry-I
Sep 1, 2023 · When Matilda’s cousin Stephen of Blois seized the throne, he broke the oath he and other nobles had sworn to recognize Matilda as the rightful heir. His usurpation ignited a bitter struggle...
Jun 4, 2019 · Empress Matilda, also known as Empress Maud (c. February 7, 1102–September 10, 1167), the daughter of Henry I of England, is best known in history for the civil war sparked by her fight against her cousin Stephen to win the throne of England for herself and her descendants.
May 3, 2024 · Matilda (born 1102, London—died Sept. 10, 1167, near Rouen, Fr.) was the consort of the Holy Roman emperor Henry V and afterward claimant to the English throne in the reign of King Stephen. She was the only daughter of Henry I of England by Queen Matilda and was sister of William the Aetheling, heir to the English and Norman thrones.
