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Feb 2, 2020 · His atomic theory helped explain atomic bonding and the structure of molecules. Thomson published an important monograph in 1913 urging the use of the mass spectrograph in chemical analysis. Many consider J.J. Thomson's greatest contribution to science to be his role as a teacher.
- Anne Marie Helmenstine, Ph.D.
Apr 11, 2024 · J.J. Thomson, English physicist who helped revolutionize the knowledge of atomic structure by his discovery of the electron (1897). He received the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1906 and was knighted two years later. Learn more about his life, career, and legacy.
- George Paget Thomson
Key points. J.J. Thomson's experiments with cathode ray tubes showed that all atoms contain tiny negatively charged subatomic particles or electrons. Thomson's plum pudding model of the atom had negatively-charged electrons embedded within a positively-charged "soup."
Thomson's prize-winning master's work, Treatise on the motion of vortex rings, shows his early interest in atomic structure. In it, Thomson mathematically described the motions of William Thomson 's vortex theory of atoms.
Thomson atomic model was proposed by William Thomson in the year 1900. This model explained the description of an inner structure of the atom theoretically. It was strongly supported by Sir Joseph Thomson, who had discovered the electron earlier.
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This suggested that each element combines with other elements in multiples of a basic quantity. In 1804, Dalton explained his atomic theory to his friend and fellow chemist Thomas Thomson, who published an explanation of Dalton's theory in his book A System of Chemistry in 1807.
Overview. Late in the nineteenth century physicists were working hard to understand the properties of electricity and the nature of matter. Both subjects were transformed by the experiments of J. J. Thomson, who in 1897 showed the existence of the charged particles that came to be known as electrons.