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Apr 15, 2024 · Founding and Roman Period. 657 BC: Byzantium founded by Greek colonists from Megara. 330 AD: Emperor Constantine the Great re-establishes Byzantium as Constantinople, making it the new capital of the Roman Empire. Byzantine Period. 395 AD: The Roman Empire is divided; Constantinople becomes the capital of the Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Empire.
On 11 May 330, it was renamed Constantinople and dedicated to Constantine. [6] Constantinople is generally considered to be the center and the "cradle of Orthodox Christian civilization ". [7] [8] From the mid-5th century to the early 13th century, Constantinople was the largest and wealthiest city in Europe. [9]
- An Impregnable Fortress
- The Ottoman Empire
- The Defenders
- The Attackers
- A Fight For Survival
- Destruction
- Aftermath
Constantinople had withstood many sieges and attacks over the centuries, notably by the Arabs between 674 and 678 CE and again between 717 and 718 CE. The great Bulgar Khans Krum (r. 802-814 CE) and Symeon (r. 893-927 CE) both attempted to attack the Byzantine capital, as did the Rus (descendants of Vikings based around Kiev) in 860 CE, 941 CE, and...
The Ottoman Empire had begun as a small Turkish emirate founded by Osman in Eskishehir (western Asia Minor) in the late 13th century CE, but by the early 14th century CE, it had already expanded into Thrace. With their capital at Adrianople, further captures included Thessaloniki and Serbia. In 1396 CE, at Nikopolis on the Danube, an Ottoman army d...
The crushing of the Crusader army at Varna in 1444 CE meant that the Byzantines were now on their own. No significant help could be expected from the West where the Popes were already unimpressed with the Byzantine's unwillingness to form a union of the Church and accept their supremacy. The Venetians did send a paltry two ships and 800 men in Apri...
Mehmed II had one thing that previous besiegers of Constantinople had lacked: cannons. And they were big ones. The Byzantines had actually had first option on the cannons as they had been offered them by their inventor, the Hungarian engineer named Urban, but Constantine could not meet his asking price. Urban then peddled his expertise to the Sulta...
The onslaught went on for six weeks but there was some effective resistance. The Ottoman attack on the boom which blocked the city's harbour was repelled, as were several direct assaults on the Land Walls. On 20 April, miraculously, three Genoese ships sent by the Pope and a ship carrying vital grain sent by Alphonso of Aragon managed to break thro...
Chaos now ensued with some of the defenders maintaining their discipline and meeting the enemy while others rushed back to their homes to defend their own families. It is at this point that Constantine was killed in the action, most likely near the Gate of St. Romanos, although, as he had discarded any indications of his status to avoid his body be...
Constantinople was made the new Ottoman capital, the massive Golden Gate of the Theodosian Walls was made part of the castle treasury of Mehmed, while the Christian community was permitted to survive, guided by the bishop Gennadeios II. What was left of the old Byzantine empire was absorbed into Ottoman territory following the conquest of Mistra in...
- Mark Cartwright
Home Geography & Travel Cities & Towns Cities & Towns H-L. Constantinople of Istanbul. Within three weeks of his victory, the foundation rites of New Rome were performed, and the much-enlarged city was officially inaugurated on May 11, 330. It was an act of vast historical portent.
May 22, 2024 · Fall of Constantinople (May 29, 1453), conquest of Constantinople by Sultan Mehmed II of the Ottoman Empire. The Byzantine Empire came to an end when the Ottomans breached Constantinople’s ancient land wall after besieging the city for 55 days. The fall of the city allowed for Ottoman expansion into eastern Europe.
The fall of Constantinople, also known as the conquest of Constantinople, was the capture of the capital of the Byzantine Empire by the Ottoman Empire. The city was captured on 29 May 1453 as part of the culmination of a 53-day siege which had begun on 6 April.
6 days ago · The period in which the Stoudios Monastery was most influential in the history of Constantinople was Byzantine iconoclasm. While Leo III and his successors declared war on the Byzantine monasteries and their icons, Theodore the Studite was the strongest force against them.
