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May 2, 2024 · After the Treasury Department escalated sanctions on Venezuela’s state-owned oil company PDVSA in 2019 and again in 2020, Russia, Iran, and China filled the gap created by the withdrawal of ...
Nov 1, 2022 · Stemming Venezuela’s exodus will require policies to address the root causes of a crisis that has driven more than 20 percent of the country’s population to leave.
Apr 16, 2024 · These U.S. policies made Venezuela's long-running economic crisis much worse because the country depends on oil for 90 percent of its export income. But even though the sanctions forced Venezuela ...
Apr 17, 2024 · Oil is Venezuela’s main source of export income, and the sanctions have dealt a devastating economic blow that has contributed to a mass exodus of Venezuelans. The sanctions relief allowed ...
- Genevieve Glatsky
- Introduction
- The Economic and Humanitarian Crisis Deepens
- Potential Scenarios
- Policy Options and Implications
- Post-Transition Stabilization
- Recommendations
The political situation inside Venezuela remains volatile following the failed April 30, 2019, civil-military rebellion, known as Operacion Libertad, against the Nicolas Maduro regime. The Venezuelan economy also continues to deteriorate, causing widespread humanitarian distress and large-scale outflows of refugees to neighboring countries. Potenti...
Since the beginning of 2019, the political and humanitarian crisis in Venezuela has been growing to alarming levels, yet no resolution is near. Polarization and confrontation intensified in January when Nicolas Maduro and Juan Guaido, leader of the opposition-controlled National Assembly, each took an oath of office as president of Venezuela, spark...
The United States should be prepared for a range of plausible scenarios in Venezuela. They are listed below, from most to least likely.
The United States and other Western powers want the restoration of democracy and rule of law. Nicolas Maduro is equally committed to holding on to power. International sanctions and diplomatic isolation are denying legitimacy and resources to Maduro’s government but have not dislodged him from power. The crisis is intensifying tensions between the ...
The United States should also consider how it could help stabilize Venezuela during and after a political transition. Any new government would almost certainly request immediate international assistance to halt further deterioration. The United States should stand ready to provide humanitarian aid and, if requested, technical assistance in transiti...
Political change in Venezuela is necessary to resolve the political impasse and humanitarian crisis. The United States and its regional partners should pursue a democratic transition and resolution to the humanitarian crisis through policies that intensify economic and diplomatic pressure, while providing incentives to regime elements willing to su...
Apr 17, 2024 · The United States will reimpose sanctions on Venezuela’s oil and gas sector in response to the Maduro government’s failure to allow “an inclusive and competitive election” to take place ...
Dec 6, 2021 · The combination of economic mismanagement by Venezuelan leaders for over a decade and the devastating impact of U.S. sanctions have resulted in the country experiencing the largest economic contraction in recorded Latin American economic history, with its gross domestic product (GDP) contracting by 74.3% over the last eight years.
