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  1. Crusade historians have largely confined this cannibalism to the fringes of the main narrative, treating it at times inconsistently, at times incoherently. Its most sustained analysis remains a 1959 article by Lewis A. M. Sumberg, who blamed the cannibalism on a subgroup of impoverished crusaders called the Tafurs, whose origins he sought to ...

  2. The siege of Ma'arra occurred in late 1098 in the city of Ma'arrat Nu'man, in what is modern-day Syria, during the First Crusade. It is infamous for the claims of widespread cannibalism committed by the crusaders.

    • November-December 1098
    • Crusader victory
  3. However, the world’s first cannibal incident reported by multiple, independent, first-hand accounts took place during the Crusades by European soldiers, Rubenstein says.

  4. I found a source indicating cannibalism of muslims by crusaders during the siege of Ma`arra in the First Crusade. Was that a one time thing only? What was going through their mind? In my understanding cannibalism is very forbidden by the Catholic Church, how did they justify these actions?

  5. Oct 1, 2008 · Through an examination of the different accounts and of the probable historical, biblical, and literary models used to shape them, this article suggests that cannibalism was in part a product of necessity but also that the crusaders used it as a tool of psychological warfare.

    • Jay Rubenstein
    • 2008
  6. Apr 6, 2017 · We know from archaeological evidence that cannibalism took place across prehistoric western Europe. A recent review – covering a period from 960,000 years ago to the Bronze Age – shows that it ...

  7. These proto-imperialist roots in the Crusades should not be forgotten. Indeed, ritualistic "cannibalism," Avramescu points out, is an inextricable part of Catholic Christendom.

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