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  2. Feb 2, 2022 · Smallpox virus was one of the deadliest diseases in the 18th century. It was likely brought to the colonies by British immigrants or African slaves in the 17th century, but because colonists were spread out, outbreaks were infrequent.

  3. Diseases and epidemics of the 19th century included long-standing epidemic threats such as smallpox, typhus, yellow fever, and scarlet fever. In addition, cholera emerged as an epidemic threat and spread worldwide in six pandemics in the nineteenth century.

  4. Oct 4, 2022 · In the mid-19th century, the causes of plagues and epidemics were still obscure, and miasma (contaminated air) and contagion (disease seeds) were discussed as possible causes of diseases. The German anatomist Jakob Henle (1840) classified the causes of diseases into miasmas, contagions, and miasmatic-contagions [ 22 ].

    • Tatsuo Sakai, Yuh Morimoto
    • Pathogens. 2022 Oct; 11(10): 1147.
    • 10.3390/pathogens11101147
    • 2022/10
  5. During the 19th century, common diseases had a significant impact on public health and mortality rates. Strong outbreaks of infectious diseases such as cholera, typhoid fever, tuberculosis, and smallpox were prevalent during this period.

  6. Jul 15, 2020 · Much important historical work on how epidemics and infectious disease were brought under control, the escape from premature death, and the sources of the spectacular long‐term improvements in life expectancy over the last two centuries has been published or reviewed in the Economic History Review, an academic journal published since 1927 by the...

    • Leigh Shaw-Taylor
    • 10.1111/ehr.13019
    • 2020
    • Econ Hist Rev. 2020 Aug; 73(3): E1-E19.
  7. Perhaps the overarching medical advance of the 19th century, certainly the most spectacular, was the conclusive demonstration that certain diseases, as well as the infection of surgical wounds, were directly caused by minute living organisms.

  8. Causes of Cholera. For much of the century, most European and American physicians believed cholera was a locally produced miasmatic disease —an illness brought about by direct exposure to the products of filth and decay. Climate and geographic location were also factors.

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