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Charles faced down the threat to his authority successfully. However, he was succeeded in 1685 by his openly Catholic brother James II, who proved politically inept and unable to build on Charles’ success. Fears of James’ catholicizing and absolutist intentions erupted in 1688 in the Glorious Revolution, when the Dutch leader William of ...
son William Penn. Sir William Penn (born April 23, 1621, Bristol, Gloucestershire, Eng.—died Sept. 16, 1670, London) was a British admiral and father of William Penn, the founder of Pennsylvania. In his youth Penn served at sea, and in the English Civil Wars he fought for Parliament, being appointed rear admiral of the Irish seas in 1647.
James Duke of York. King of England's brother and proprietor; New York was originally owned by the Dutch and called New Netherland. James kept a big part of the land and gave the rest to his friends. They divided the fertile land into East and West Jersey. In 1702 the colonies joined to form what is now New Jersey.
James, Duke of York, 1633-1701. A full-length, highly coloured Baroque portrait slightly to left, facing to the right in a Roman costume representing Mars, the god of war. He sports a brown full-bottomed wig and gold armour of lapped plates and tassels. He also wears green three-quarter length hose and jewelled sandals, cross-gartered to lion ...
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5. East and West Jersey. In 1664 King Charles II of England gave a large slice of American Seacoast to his brother James, Duke of York, who in turn presented the part we now call New Jersey to two Court friends, John Lord Berkeley and Sir George Carteret. Both transactions were highly irregular if not downright illegal – for the land belonged ...
James was second surviving son of Charles I and his French Catholic wife, Henrietta Maria (sister of Louis XIII of France). With Royalist defeat in the English Civil War, and their father's execution in 1649, he and his brothers lived as exiles in France, the Dutch Republic and Germany. During this time James proved a brave and effective ...
