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Developing outbreak case definitions: A case definition includes criteria for person, place, time, and clinical features. These should be specific to the outbreak under investigation. "Person" describes key characteristics the patients share in common. For example, this description may include: age, sex, race, occupation and exclusion criteria ...
These outbreaks may be due to a new or modified pathogen, a natural toxin, an initially undetected release of a chemical, or over-exposure to ionizing radiation from an unknown source. Careful history taking and epidemiological study may point to one or more possible causes that can then provide a focus for further, more specialized investigation.
Feb 19, 2021 · The field of epidemiology works to trace these unidentified outbreaks to the source in an effort to protect public health and safety. Notable Past Pandemics. The current COVID-19 outbreak is not the only disease to have impacted the world on a global scale.
Infectious disease outbreaks have the potential to cause major health impacts, public concern, and social and economic disruption. Their acute and unpredictable nature necessitates good surveillance systems to detect and prioritize disease clusters that require investigation. Interdisciplinary collaboration, good communication, and the ...
This chapter reviews the general concepts of epidemiology, which is the study of the determinants, occurrence, distribution, and control of health and disease in a defined population. Epidemiology is a descriptive science and includes the determination of rates, that is, the quantification of disease occurrence within a specific population. The most commonly studied rate is the attack rate ...
Introduction. Epidemiology 1 is the study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states, conditions, or events in specified populations and the application of the results of this study to the control of health problems.() It is a quantitative science concerned in infectious diseases with the circumstances under which disease processes occur, the factors that affect their ...
Jun 6, 2013 · The outbreak threshold T 0 of an epidemic, which we define as the number of infected hosts above which there is very likely to be a major outbreak, can be estimated using simple formulae. Currently, to declare that an outbreak has occurred, studies choose an arbitrary low or high threshold depending, for instance, on whether they are monitoring ...
