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Abu Muhammad Hasan ibn Hasan ibn Ali al-Hashimi (Arabic: أَبُو مُحَمَّد حَسَنِ بْنِ حَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِي ٱلْهَاشِمِي, romanized: Abū Muḥammad Ḥasan ibn Ḥasan ibn ʿAlī; c. 661–715) was an Islamic scholar and theologian. He was a son of Hasan ibn Ali and Khawla bint
Ḥasan (born 624, Arabia—died 670, Medina) was a grandson of the Prophet Muhammad (the founder of Islam), the elder son of Muhammad’s daughter Fāṭimah. He belongs to the group of the five most holy persons of Shīʿah, those over whom Muhammad spread his cloak while calling them “The People of the House.”.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
Hasan ibn Ali (Arabic: الْحَسَنِ بْن عَلِيّ, romanized: al-Ḥasan ibn ʿAlī; c. 625 – April 670) was an Alid political and religious leader. The eldest son of Ali and Fatima and a grandson of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, Hasan briefly ruled as caliph from January 661 until August 661.
Imam al-Ḥasan ibn Alī ibn Abī Ṭālib (الحسن ابن علي ابن أبي طالب, 624–670 CE), commonly known as Hasan or Hassan, is the eldest son of Muhammad's daughter Fatimah and of Ali, and the older brother to Husayn. Muslims respect him as a grandson of the Islamic Prophet Muhammad.
- Sources
- Early Life and Conversion
- Capture of Alamut
- Foreign Views: Marco Polo and China
- Nizari Doctrine
- Personal Life
- In Popular Culture
- References
- Further Reading
Hasan is thought to have written an autobiography, which did not survive but seems to underlie the first part of an anonymous Isma'ili biography entitled Sargozasht-e Seyyednā (Persian: سرگذشت سیدنا). The latter is known only from quotations made by later Persian authors. Hasan also wrote a treatise, in Persian, on the doctrine of ta'līm, called, a...
Qom and Rayy
The possibly autobiographical information found in Sargozasht-i Seyyednā is the main source for Hasan's background and early life. According to this, Hasan-i Sabbāh was born in the city of Qom, Persia in the 1050s to a family of Twelver Shia. His father, a Kufan Arab reportedly of Yemenite origins, had left the Sawād of Kufa (located in modern Iraq) to settle in the town of Qom,one of the first centres of Arab settlement in Persia and a stronghold of Twelver Shia. Early in his life, his famil...
Conversion to Ismailism and training in Cairo
At the age of 17, Hasan converted and swore allegiance to the Fatimid caliph in Cairo. Hasan's studies did not end with his crossing over. He further studied under two other dā‘iyyayn, and as he proceeded on his path, he was looked upon with eyes of respect. Hasan's austere and devoted commitment to the da'wa brought him in audience with the chief missionary of the region: 'Abdu l-Malik ibn Attash. Ibn Attash, suitably impressed with the young seventeen-year-old Hasan, made him Deputy Mission...
Return to Persia
Whilst he was in Cairo, studying and preaching, he incurred the displeasure of the Chief of the Army, Badr al-Jamalī. This may have been a result of the fact that Hasan supported Nizar, the Ismaili Imam-Caliph al-Mustanṣir's elder son, as the next Imam. Hasan was briefly imprisoned by Badr al-Jamali. The collapse of a minaret of the jail was taken to be an omen in favor of Hasan and he was promptly released and deported.[citation needed] The ship that he was traveling on was wrecked. He was r...
His search for a base from which to guide his mission ended when in 1088 he found the castle of Alamut in the Rudbar area (modern Qazvin, Iran).[citation needed] It was a fort that stood guard over a valley that was about fifty kilometers long and five kilometers wide.[citation needed]This fortress had been built about the year 865; legend has it t...
Hasan, the founder of Nizari Isma'ilis in Persia, was designated by Marco Polo using a Syrian equivalent term known in Europe at that time, as Elder or Old Man of the Mountain. Polo's travelogue (ca. 1300) describes Hasan as a charlatan who devised plots to convert young men to his sect. At the court of the Old Man of the Mountain "they were educat...
Historians and scholars identify Hasan-i Sabbah as the founder of the Nizari Assassins and their doctrine. It developed during the struggle for succession of Nizar to the Fatimid throne in Cairo that eventually laid the foundation of the Nizari Isma'ilism Shia Islam. Since then, as a basic element of conservative nature, the Ismaili Imamate include...
Hasan is known for his ascetic and austere religious lifestyle. At his modest living quarters in the Alamut Castle, he spent most of his time reading, writing, and administration. During his 45 years of residence in Alamut, he apparently left his quarters only twice to ascend the rooftop. Hasan-i Sabbah probably had one wife, two daughters, and two...
Betty Bouthoul published a popular book in French titled Le grand maître des assassins (Master of the Assassins) about Hasan-i Sabbāh in 1936.A 1938 novel named Alamut by Vladimir Bartolis based on Hasan's rise to power.The British "space rock" group Hawkwind has a song called "Hassan I Sahba" on its 1977 album, Quark, Strangeness and Charm.Hasan-i Sabbāh is mentioned, often by his moniker 'The Old Man of the Mountain', in many of William S. Burroughs's novels, including Nova Express, Cities of the Red Night, The Place of Dead Roads a...Sources
1. Daftary, Farhad (2007). The Ismāʿı̄lı̄s: Their History and Doctrines (Second ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-61636-2.
Secondary sources
1. Daftary, Farhad, A Short History of the Ismā'īlīs. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1998. 2. Daftary, Farhad, The Assassin Legends: Myths of the Ismā'īlīs. London: I.B. Tauris & Co. Ltd, 1994. Reviewed by Babak Nahid at Ismaili.net 3. Daftary, Farhad, "Hasan-i Sabbāh and the Origins of the Nizārī Ismā'īlī movement." In Mediaeval Ismā'īlī History and Thought, ed. Farhad Daftary. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996. 181–204. 4. Hodgson, Marshall, The Order of Assassins. The Str...
Primary sources
1. Hasan-i Sabbah, al-Fuṣūl al-arba'a ("The Four Chapters"), tr. Marshall G.S. Hodgson, in Ismaili Literature Anthology. A Shi'i Vision of Islam, ed. Hermann Landolt, Samira Sheikh and Kutub Kassam. London, 2008. pp. 149–52. Persian treatise on the doctrine of ta'līm. The text is no longer extant, but fragments are cited or paraphrased by al-Shahrastānīand several Persian historians. 2. Sarguzasht-e Sayyidnā
Sep 3, 2022 · Hasan ibn Ali is the eldest grandson of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). He is the first child of Ali ibn Abi Talib and Lady Fatima, and his brother is Hussain ibn Ali.
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Hasan ibn ˓Ali ibn Abi Talib was the grandson of the prophet Muhammad and the second Shi˓ite imam. Born in Medina in 624, three years after the hijra, he died at age forty-six in Medina in 670.
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