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Marie Louise (12 December 1791 – 17 December 1847) was an Austrian archduchess who reigned as Duchess of Parma from 11 April 1814 until her death in 1847.
Marie-Louise was an Austrian archduchess who became empress of the French (impératrice des Français) as the second wife of the emperor Napoleon I; she was later duchess of Parma, Piacenza, and Guastalla. Marie-Louise, a member of the house of Habsburg, was the eldest daughter of the Holy Roman.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
Marie Louise is known for being little more than Napoleon's eye-catching second wife—yet modern historians have revealed a far more complicated story.
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Marie Louise, the second wife of Napoleon I, was the great-niece of Queen Marie Antoinette. The daughter of Francis II, Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire, her upbringing was marked by a hatred of Revolutionary France and then of Bonaparte, as Austria was repeatedly humiliated by defeat and stripped of its territories.
Marie-Louise, at the age of twenty-five, made her entrance in Parma on 9 April, 1816. She remained popular with her subjects, whilst external and military affairs were left in the very capable hands of Neipperg.
Napoleon’s marriage to Marie-Louise, triggered by his desire to have an heir and marry into one of the major European royal families, was shaped by European politics. However, the two also developed a close personal relationship.
Napoleon's other Wife is not a biography proper. It begins with Marie-Louise in 1810 preparing for her marriage to Napoleon, nineteen years after Mozart's death (the first entry in the ‘Short Chronology for the life of Marie-Louise) and also Marie-Louise's birth.
