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The Kuomintang (KMT), also referred to as the Guomindang (GMD), the Nationalist Party of China (NPC) or the Chinese Nationalist Party (CNP), is a major political party in the Republic of China, initially based on the Chinese mainland and then in Taiwan since 1949.
The Kuomintang was a nationalist revolutionary party, which had been supported by the Soviet Union. It was organized on Leninism. The Kuomintang had several influences left upon its ideology by revolutionary thinking.
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Early years
The Kuomintang was founded in Guangdong (广东省) Province on August 25, 1912 from a collection of several revolutionary groups that had successfully overthrown the Qing Dynasty in the Xinhai Revolution, including the Revolutionary Alliance, as a moderate democratic socialist party. The party traces its roots to the Revive China Society (興中會, Xingzhonghui), which was founded in Hawaii by Dr. Sun Yat-Sen in November, 1895, as a platform for revolutionary activities, and merged with several other a...
War
Following the death of Sun Yat-sen in 1925, General Chiang Kai-shekemerged as the KMT leader at the second National Congress in January, 1926. Three months later he took action against the Communists in Guangzhou and arrested many of the Soviet advisors. In May, 1926, the Central Executive Committee of the revolutionary government approved Chiang’s proposal to end Communist influence in the KMT. In June of 1926, Chiang launched the Northern Expedition to defeat the northern warlords and unite...
KMT in Taiwan
Following the establishment of the People's Republic of China (PRC) on October 1, 1949, the commanders of the PRC People's Liberation Army believed that Kinmen (金門) and Matsu (馬祖) had to be taken before a final assault on Taiwan. The KMT stopped the invasion at the Battle of Kuningtou (古寧頭之役). In 1950, Chiang took office in Taipei under the Temporary Provisions Effective During the Period of Communist Rebellion (動員戡亂時期臨時條款). The provision declared martial law in Taiwan and halted some democra...
Support for the Kuomintang in the Republic of China encompasses a wide range of groups. Kuomintang support tends to be higher in northern Taiwan and in urban areas, where it draws its backing from owners of small to medium businesses and the self-employed, who make up the majority of commercial interests in Taiwan. Big business is also likely to su...
Financial Mismanagement and Corruption
As the ruling party on Taiwan, the KMT amassed a vast business empire of banks, investment companies, petrochemical firms, and television and radio stations, thought to have made it the world's richest political party, with assets once estimated to be around US$ 2.0-10 billion . Although this war chest appeared to contribute to the KMT’s political strength until the mid-1990s, accusations of corruption after 2000 made the KMT's financial holdings more of a liability than an asset. After 2000,...
Relations with People’s Republic of China
Relations between the Republic of China in Taiwan and the government of the People’s Republic of China remain delicate. In December 2003, then-KMT Chairman (present Chairman Emeritus) and presidential candidate, Lien Chan, initiated what appeared to some to be a major shift in the party's position on the linked questions of Chinese reunification and Taiwan independence. Speaking to foreign journalists, Lien said that while the KMT was opposed to "immediate independence," it did not wish to be...
Hood, Steven J. The Kuomintang and the democratization of Taiwan. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1997. ISBN 0813390079Marks, Thomas A. Counterrevolution in China Wang Sheng and the Kuomintang. London: Frank Cass, 1996. ISBN 0714647004Perkins, Dorothy. Encyclopedia of China: The Essential Reference to China, Its History and Culture. New York: Facts on File, 1999. ISBN 0816026939Roy, Denny. Taiwan a political history. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2003. ISBN 080144070XPeople also ask
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1 day ago · It is also called Kuomintang, which means “National People’s Party,” and is abbreviated KMT. Who founded the Nationalist Party? The Nationalist Party was founded as a political party by Song Jiaoren in 1912.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
Jan 8, 2024 · As Taiwan edges closer to the presidential election on 13 January, the KMT is banking on convincing voters they face a choice between war and peace with China. Beijing claims the self-ruled island...
Jan 11, 2024 · China and Taiwan's largest opposition party, the Kuomintang (KMT), warned on Thursday of the danger Taiwan's ruling party presidential candidate Lai Ching-te could pose to peace if he wins ...
Kuomintang (KMT) was a political party that ruled China from 1927 to 1948 and later moved to Taiwan. Learn about its founding, leadership, role in the civil war, and relations with the communist party.
