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Pope Alexander III (c. 1100/1105 – 30 August 1181), born Roland (Italian: Rolando), was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 7 September 1159 until his death in 1181. A native of Siena , Alexander became pope after a contested election , but had to spend much of his pontificate outside Rome while several rivals ...
Alexander III (born c. 1105, Siena, Tuscany—died Aug. 30, 1181, Rome) was the pope from 1159 to 1181, a vigorous exponent of papal authority, which he defended against challenges by the Holy Roman emperor Frederick Barbarossa and Henry II of England.
- James M. Powell
Alexander III. Alexander III, orig. Rolando Bandinelli, (born c. 1105, Siena, Tuscany—died Aug. 30, 1181, Rome), Pope (1159–81). A member of the group of cardinals who feared the growing strength of the Holy Roman Empire, he helped draw up an alliance with the Norman s (1156).
Pope Alexander III was the 170th pope. He served for nearly 22 years and remained pope until he passed away from natural causes. This article will focus on the life of Pope Alexander III and his time as pope. Younger Years. Before becoming pope, Alexander III lived a quiet life in Siena.
ALEXANDER III, POPE. Pontificate: Sept. 7, 1159 (consecrated and crowned at Ninfa, Sept. 20, 1159) to Aug. 30, 1181; born Rolandus, son of Ranutius (Bandinelli is a late attribution), Siena c. 1100 – 05; died "of old age" at Civita Castellana; buried in St. John Lateran, in the right aisle before the pulpit.
Alexander III, POPE, 1159-81 (ORLANDO BANDINELLI), born of a distinguished Sienese family; d. August 3, 1181. As professor in Bologna he acquired a great reputation as a canonist, which he increased by the publication of his commentary on the “Decretum” of Gratian, popularly known as “Summa Magistri Rolandi” (ed. Thaner, Innsbruck, 1874).
Jun 8, 2018 · Considered one of the great medieval popes, Alexander III (c. 1100–1181) held the pontificate from September 7, 1159, until his death in 1181. He is remembered for instituting the two-thirds majority rule for papal elections, championing the universities, and endorsing ecclesiastical independence.
