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John Hyrcanus (/ h ər ˈ k eɪ n ə s /; יוחנן הרקנוס Yōḥānān Hurqanōs; Ancient Greek: Ἰωάννης Ὑρκανός, romanized: Iōánnēs Hurkanós) was a Hasmonean leader and Jewish high priest of the 2nd century BCE (born 164 BCE, reigned from 134 BCE until his death in 104 BCE).
John Hyrcanus I (born c. 175 bc —died 104 bc) was a high priest and ruler of the Jewish nation from 135/134 to 104 bc. Under his reign, the Hasmonean kingdom of Judaea in ancient Palestine attained power and great prosperity, and the Pharisees , a scholarly sect with popular backing, and the Sadducees , an aristocratic sect that comprised the ...
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
High priest; prince of the Hasmonean family; born about 175; died 104 (Schürer). He was a wise and just ruler and a skilful warrior. As a young man he distinguished himself as a general in the war against the Syrian general Cendebeus, whom he defeated.
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John Hyrcanus II (died 30 bc, Jerusalem) was the high priest of Judaea from 76 to 40 bc, and, with his brother Aristobulus II, last of the Maccabean (Hasmonean) dynastic rulers. Under Hyrcanus’ vacillating leadership, Judaea (southern of the three traditional divisions of ancient Palestine, today mostly in Israel) fell into vassalage to Rome.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
Johanan [John] Hyrcanus. (? - 104 BCE) Grandson of Mattathias of Modein and chief architect of Judean dominance of Palestine. The youngest and only surviving son of Simon Thassi succeeded his father as high priest in 134 BCE. He was the fourth Hasmonean to rule Jerusalem.
The destruction of the Samaritan temple on Mount Gerizim by John Hyrcanus (ca. 112/111 BCE) is often regarded as the decisive cause of the final breach between Jews and Samaritans. This action is usually interpreted as one of hatred and contempt directed against the Samaritan community as a whole; it has even been maintained that Hyrcanus’s ...
John Hyrcanus II (/ h ər ˈ k eɪ n ə s /, Hebrew: יוחנן הרקנוס Yohanan Hurqanos; died 30 BCE), a member of the Hasmonean dynasty, was for a long time the Jewish High Priest in the 1st century BCE. He was also briefly King of Judea 67–66 BCE and then the ethnarch (ruler) of Judea, probably over the period 47–40 BCE.
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