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Was Theresienstadt a ghetto or a concentration camp?
Why did the German SS convert Theresienstadt into a ghetto?
Why was Theresienstadt a ghetto?
How many Czech Jews died in the ghetto in 1945?
Theresienstadt was the only Nazi ghetto liberated with a significant population of survivors. On 14 May, Soviet authorities imposed a strict quarantine to contain the typhoid epidemic; [71] more than 1,500 prisoners and 43 doctors and nurses died around the time of liberation. [51]
During its existence, Theresienstadt served three purposes: Theresienstadt served as a transit camp for Czech Jews whom the Germans deported to killing centers, concentration camps, and forced-labor camps in German-occupied Poland, Belorussia, and the Baltic States. It was a ghetto-labor camp.
Theresienstadt, town in northern Bohemia (now in the Czech Republic), founded in 1780 and used from 1941 to 1945 by Nazi Germany as a walled ghetto, or concentration camp, and as a transit camp for western Jews en route to Auschwitz and other extermination camps.
- Michael Berenbaum
Theresienstadt was a combination of ghetto and concentration camp near the in the Reich Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia – the modern-day Czech Republic. It existed for three and a half years from November 1941 until May 1945.
In 1941 the Nazis established a ghetto in Theresienstadt (Terezin), a garrison town in Northwestern Czechoslovakia, where they interned the Jews of Bohemia and Moravia, elderly Jews and persons of “special merit” in the Reich, and several thousand Jews from the Netherlands and Denmark.
Fewer than 3,100 of these deportees are known to have survived. 6,152 Czech Jews died in the ghetto, leaving perhaps as many as 7,000 Czech-Jewish survivors in May 1945. Theresienstadt fulfilled its function as a transit station for the killing centers with chilling effectiveness.
As they planned the first deportations of German, Austrian, and Czech Jews to locations in the east (including Lodz, Riga, Kovno, and Minsk) in early October 1941, the German SS and police decided to convert Theresienstadt into a transit camp-ghetto.
