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- a country organized in such a way that most power is placed in a central government, or there is limited political power at subnational scales of governance
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Sample: 3A Score: 6. This response earned full credit and demonstrates a comprehensive understanding of both unitary and federal states. The response earned 1 definition point in part A for correctly defining a unitary state as one where there is little power given to subnational units.
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Dec 8, 2020 · In AP® Human Geography, unit 4 covers political geography. The following guide will be updated periodically with hyperlinks to excellent resources. As you are reviewing for this unit, focus on the key concepts! 👉 Check out more AP Human Geo reviews on the subject page!
- 7 points (2 + 1 + 2 + 2)
- A. Identify TWO goals of the New Urbanism movement. 2 points (1+1)
- point (Must address both parts)
- 2 points (1+1)
- D. Explain TWO criticisms of New Urbanism. 2 points (1+1)
- Economic Incentives (1 pt.)
- Social Program or Policy (1 pt.)
- Potential Impacts (1 pt.)
- Negative Impacts
- Identify
- Explain
Note: Smart growth may be used in place of, or in conjunction with, New Urbanism.
Note: “Sustainability” and “better life,” alone, are not acceptable unless terms relate to a goal listed above. B. Explain the difference between mixed-use development and traditional zoning practices.
Mixed-use zoning permits multiple land-uses in the same space or building, AND Traditional zoning requires separate zones based upon land-use type or economic function (e.g., residential, commercial, industrial) C. Explain TWO benefits of mixed use development in promoting urban growth.
Ease of accessibility to services, recreation, jobs Less travel time or cost (e.g., reduced need for car ownership), increased personal time and discretionary income Increased social interaction, or increased sense of community; improved sense of place or neighborhood character Decreased energy or fuel use, decreased carbon-footprint, decreased air...
High housing costs still price out lower income residents or favor middle to upper income residents De facto segregation or decreased diversity are perpetuated Increased popularity may place stress on infrastructure or community; draw away residents or revenue from surrounding areas Potential residents still favor yard space and detached single-f...
Increasing distribution, availability, or affordability of contraceptives to men and women Promoting economic development, poverty reduction, sustainable development Promoting female labor force participation or business ownership (e.g., microcredit, access to capital) Offering incentives for smaller families or disincentives for having larger fami...
Promoting family planning, or reproductive health education Increasing education of girls, promoting higher education for women Implementing antinatalist policies that limit the number of children Improving healthcare for women, infants, and children Producing media or ad campaigns showing benefits of family planning practices Promoting urbaniz...
Reduced birth rates or fertility rates (lower population is not acceptable) Move from stage two to stage three of the demographic transition Fewer children lead to more resources for better education or health care Improved gender equality or female empowerment Conflicts between traditional social norms and new population programs Increased social ...
Standardization of laws and their implementation across the country Patriotism or pride in one’s country is bolstered due to uniformity Efficiencies are achieved through less duplication OR faster countrywide implementation of laws or governmental services across multiple scales Fewer government or taxation agencies, or fewer scales of government o...
Multiple nationalities, ethnicities, or cultures To address devolutionary forces arising from physical, economic, or political differences Larger countries, or territorial control over large or fragmented area
Diverse states (e.g., politically, economically, regionally, culturally) devolve power in order to reduce separatist tendencies or to enhance loyalty to the country. Federal governments are able to maintain national cohesion by bridging physical or cultural barriers or providing means for resolving conflicts between subnational areas. Large coun...
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Apr 2, 2024 · A federal state, as defined in AP Human Geography, is a sovereign state composed of a central government and several regional or provincial governments, each with its own powers and responsibilities. To understand the concept of a federal state, it is essential to consider its key aspects:
A stateless nation occupying territory in 5 middle Eastern states. Geometric. A type of cultural boundary using straight lines, common in North Africa. Yugoslavia. Suffered balkanization. Korea. Separated into North and South in the late 1940s. Federal and Unitary governments plus polgeo review Learn with flashcards, games, and more — for free.
AP Human Geography is an investigation of how the human species has populated the earth and developed different cultures, political systems, and means of production. This is a subject that can be a little hard to pin down because it represents an intersection of lots of different information.
13.97. 31.64. The following comments on the 2023 free-response questions for AP® Human Geography were written by the Chief Reader, Lisa Benton-Short, Professor of Geography at the George Washington University. They give an overview of each free-response question and of how students performed on the question, including typical student errors.
