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- Tuberculosis (TB) has re-emerged over the past two decades: in industrialized countries in association with immigration, and in Africa owing to the human immunodeficiency virus epidemic. Drug-resistant TB is a major threat worldwide.
www.clinicalmicrobiologyandinfection.com › article › S1198-743X(14)62973-6The re-emergence of tuberculosis: what have we learnt from ...
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Abstract. Tuberculosis (TB) has re-emerged over the past two decades: in industrialized countries in association with immigration, and in Africa owing to the human immunodeficiency virus epidemic. Drug-resistant TB is a major threat worldwide. The variable and uncertain impact of TB control necessitates not only better tools (diagnostics, drugs ...
- Major factors affecting the emergence and re-emergence of ...
Tuberculosis (TB) has been a persistent cause of serious...
- Tuberculosis: current challenges and beyond - PMC
Introduction. Tuberculosis (TB) represents a major global...
- Major factors affecting the emergence and re-emergence of ...
Tuberculosis (TB) has re-emerged over the past two decades: in industrialized countries in association with immigration, and in Africa owing to the human immunodeficiency virus epidemic. Drug-resistant TB is a major threat worldwide.
- M.W. Borgdorff, D. van Soolingen
- 2013
- 1 Introduction
- 2 The Global and National Problem
- 3 What Is Being Done About The Tuberculosis Epidemic?
- 4 Mechanisms of Drug Resistance and Action
- 5 Molecular Basis of Pathogenesis
- 6 Progress in Vaccine Development
- 7 Summary and Conclusion
- Acknowledgements
In 1993 the World Health Organization (WHO) declared tuberculosis a global public health emergency, the only disease so far to warrant that designation. The declaration galvanized an awareness in the medical community of the magnitude of the global tuberculosis problem. This paper will review the epidemiological data from WHO, the Centers for Disea...
Based on well-recorded history, WHO has calculated that there has been no significant decrease in the world-wide mortality due to tuberculosis since before the time of Koch in 1882, and that the advent of sanatoria and chemotherapy, which drastically reduced tuberculosis in the more developed countries, had no profound effect on the global problem ...
At the level of WHO, there is leadership, education, initiatives, such as the directly observed short-course treatment (DOTS) campaign, and the extraordinarily successful efforts in defining the problem. CDC, in particular, and other nations' public health agencies have been prominent in education, leadership, epidemiological research and improveme...
The mechanism of action and mode of resistance of many of the common antituberculosis drugs are now known. The mechanism of rifampicin resistance was first studied in M. tuberculosis. Rifampicin specifically interacts with prokaryotic RNA polymerase to inhibit transcription, which leads to cell death. Specific mutations in the rpoB gene, which enco...
Other topics of intense investigation center on the issue of the molecular basis of tuberculosis pathogenesis, particularly the application of molecular genetics to the topic. For instance, the mechanism by which M. tuberculosis and other mycobacteria acquire iron is much better understood with the characterization of several iron-regulated protein...
BCG (bacillus Calmette Guérin) is the most widely used of all vaccines. However, in numerous studies its efficacy has been shown to vary between 0 and 80%. Meta-analysis of all of the published prospective trials and case-control studies indicates approximately 50% efficacy against all forms of tuberculosis . However, the vaccine is even more effec...
As a community of physicians, health care workers, epidemiologists, biochemists and molecular biologists, all concerned with the everlasting burden of tuberculosis, we have been successful in defining the extent of the burden and its consequences. Major agencies and their leaders have responded admirably in creating new resources and opportunities ...
The author wishes to thank participants at the 31st Joint Conference on Tuberculosis and Leprosy (of the U.S.—Japan Cooperative Medical Sciences Program) for permission to quote their work.
- Patrick J. Brennan
- 1997
Mar 21, 2019 · Overall progress in global TB elimination was modest in 2017, consistent with that in recent years ( 1 ); intensified efforts to improve TB diagnosis, treatment, and prevention are required to meet global targets for 2020–2035.
Aug 23, 2018 · Between a quarter and a third of the world’s population are estimated to be latently infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. 1 The 2018 World Health Organization resource page for tuberculosis (TB) states: “On average, 5-10% of those who are infected will develop active TB disease over their lifetime.”
