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Henry III (1 October 1207 – 16 November 1272), also known as Henry of Winchester, was King of England, Lord of Ireland, and Duke of Aquitaine from 1216 until his death in 1272. The son of King John and Isabella of Angoulême, Henry assumed the throne when he was only nine in the middle of the First Barons' War.
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Jun 20, 2024 · Henry III was the king of England from 1216 to 1272. In the 24 years (1234–58) during which he had effective control of the government, he displayed such indifference to tradition that the barons finally forced him to agree to a series of major reforms, the Provisions of Oxford (1258).
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
Henry III (1 October 1207 — 16 November 1272) also known as Henry of Winchester and nicknamed the Pious, the Wise and later the Saint was the King of England from 1216 until his death in 1272. He was considered one of England's best kings.
- Succession
- Barons' War & William Marshal
- Reign & Criticisms
- Simon de Montfort & Civil War
- Death & Successor
Henry was born on 1 October 1207 CE at Winchester Palace in Hampshire, the son of King John of England and Queen Isabella of Angouleme (c. 1188-1246 CE). The young prince would be thrust into the limelight of state before any preparation was possible. King John died of fever on 18 October 1216 CE when Henry was still only nine years old. John had d...
Crucially, the king held on to Windsor Castle and Dover Castleso that Henry could face the remaining rebel barons and Prince Louis at Lincoln on 20 May 1217 CE. Marshal led the English army in person, and just before the battle he gave a rousing speech to his frontline troops, declaring that the enemy had so positioned their forces that he would wi...
Henry took on direct rule in January 1227 CE, aged 20. The historian Dan Jones gives the following description of the king: What the king lacked in good looks he certainly made up for in longevity. However, the king quickly gained a reputation for being indecisive and easily swayed. Even worse, the barons never took to him, perceiving him as just a...
All of these disappointments exasperated the barons to such an extent that some supported the king's brother-in-law Simon de Montfort, Earl of Leicester and made him, in effect, co-ruler with Henry. The Provisions of Oxford (June 1258 CE) set out that taxes should go to the Treasury and not be available for the king's whims, and that a ruling counc...
Henry died, probably of a stroke, on 16 November 1272 CE aged 65; he had reigned for an impressive 56 years, a record that would not be beaten until George III of England (r. 1760-1820 CE). He was buried in Westminster Abbey and succeeded by his son who had already been ruling in his name and who now became Edward I of England. Edward was crowned o...
- Mark Cartwright
In 1216, at just nine years of age, young Henry became King Henry III of England. His reign saw turbulent and dramatic changes take place with baron-led rebellions and the confirmation of the Magna Carta .
Henry III was one of England’s greatest royal builders exceeding in scale of patronage anything achieved by his predecessors since 1066 – in all, over his reign, spending some £30,000 on his residences.
Henry III ( French: Henri III, né Alexandre Édouard; Polish: Henryk Walezy; Lithuanian: Henrikas Valua; 19 September 1551 – 2 August 1589) was King of France from 1574 until his assassination in 1589, as well as King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania from 1573 to 1575. As the fourth son of King Henry II of France, he was not expected to ...
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