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- Some monogastric animals, usually because of excess nitrate exposure from nonplant sources, exhibit salivation, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and gastric hemorrhage. Affected animals may die suddenly without appearing ill, with terminal anoxic convulsions within 1 hour; or after a clinical course of 12–24 hours or longer.
www.merckvetmanual.com › toxicology › nitrate-and-nitrite-poisoningNitrate and Nitrite Poisoning in Animals - Toxicology - Merck ...
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What causes nitrate toxicity in animals?
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Many species are susceptible to nitrate and nitrite poisoning; however, cattle are most frequently affected. Ruminants are especially vulnerable because ruminal flora reduce nitrate to ammonia, with nitrite (~10 times more toxic than nitrate) as an intermediate product during digestion.
- Larry J. Thompson
No body weight effects were observed in some studies of laboratory animals provided sodium nitrate, sodium nitrite, or potassium nitrite in the drinking water for intermediate exposure durations (4 weeks to 10 months) at concentrations resulting in estimated doses in the range of 1,583–7,300 mg nitrate/kg/day (Maekawa et al. 1982 ...
- 2017/07
Poisonings occur most commonly from ingestion of plants that contain excess nitrate, especially by hungry animals that overeat and take in an enormous amount of nitrate. Nitrate poisoning can also result from accidental ingestion of fertilizer or other chemicals.
- Larry J. Thompson
Cured meats, meat products, cheeses, and beverages may contain sodium nitrate and/or sodium nitrite as preservatives. Relatively high nitrate concentrations are found in some privately owned wells with shallow depths and permeable soils.
- 2017/07
Many species of animals are susceptible to nitrate poisoning, but ruminants are the most commonly affected. Ruminants are especially vulnerable to poisoning by nitrate because of the nitrate-reducing potential of rumen bacteria. Rumen microorganisms reduce nitrate to nitrite.
Nov 4, 2020 · Increase of methaemoglobin levels is considered the principal mediator leading to toxicity of nitrate and nitrite in animals. Nitrite is considered the toxic chemical species and toxicity of nitrate is mainly caused by bacterial conversion of nitrate to nitrite in the gastrointestinal tract.
Oct 27, 2022 · Sodium nitrite causes increased methemoglobin, resulting in systemic hypoxia, metabolic acidosis, and cyanosis. Since sodium nitrite is a preservative, the ingestion of foods containing an excessive amount of this substance can also cause acute intoxication up to death.
