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18 months to three years
- The stages that make up his theory are as follows: Stage 1: Trust vs. Mistrust (Infancy from birth to 18 months) Stage 2: Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt (Toddler years from 18 months to three years) Stage 3: Initiative vs. Guilt (Preschool years from three to five) Stage 4: Industry vs. Inferiority (Middle school years from six to 11)
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Jan 25, 2024 · Erikson proposed a series of predetermined stages related to personality development. The stages are time related. Progression through the stages is based on life circumstances and achievement (i.e., it is flexible). Progression through the stages is based a person’s age (i.e., rigid).
May 2, 2024 · The stages that make up his theory are as follows: Stage 1: Trust vs. Mistrust (Infancy from birth to 18 months) Stage 2: Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt (Toddler years from 18 months to three years) Stage 3: Initiative vs. Guilt (Preschool years from three to five) Stage 4: Industry vs. Inferiority (Middle school years from six to 11)
- Stage 1 — Infancy. During this stage, development centers around trust and mistrust. This stage begins at birth and usually lasts until a baby is 18 months old.
- Stage 2 — Toddlerhood. During this stage, which begins at 18 months old and lasts until age two or three, your toddler's development focuses on autonomy versus shame or doubt.
- Stage 3 — Preschool. Development at this stage centers around initiative and guilt. This stage begins at age three and lasts until age five. Here, your child focuses on doing things independently and begins to develop a sense of aims and goals.
- Stage 4 — Early school years. Here, development centers around industry and inferiority. This stage begins at age six and lasts till age 11. During this stage, your child's becoming aware of their individuality.
- Trust Versus Mistrust. In the first stage of Erikson’s psychosocial model, infancy is crucial to our psychosocial development. During our initial 18 months, we are uncertain about the world in which we find ourselves and must develop basic trust.
- Autonomy Versus Shame and Doubt. Stage two focuses on early childhood – 18 months to three years – when we are gaining independence and an increased perception of control over our physical skills (Erikson, 1958, 1963).
- Initiative Versus Guilt. Erikson’s third stage of psychosocial development occurs during preschool, between the ages of three and five years. At this point in our psychosocial development – when conflict occurs between initiative and guilt – we learn to assert ourselves and typically begin to direct play and social interactions.
- Industry Versus Inferiority. In stage four of Erikson’s psychosocial theory – ages 5 to 12 years – we are immersed in a world of education, learning to read, write, and solve math puzzles (Erikson, 1958, 1963).
- Trust vs. mistrust. Birth to 12–18 months old. The first stage of Erikson’s theory begins at birth and lasts until your baby approaches their first birthday and a little beyond.
- Autonomy vs. shame and doubt. 18 months to 3 years old. You know that you’ve hit this milestone when your toddler starts to assert their independence.
- Initiative vs. guilt. 3 to 5 years old. These are the preschool years. As your child interacts socially and plays with others, they learn that they can take the initiative and control what happens.
- Industry vs. inferiority. 5 to 12 years old. Your child has hit elementary school. Here’s where they learn new skills. It’s also where their circle of influence widens.
Erikson’s Eight Stages of Development 1. Learning Basic Trust Versus Basic Mistrust (Hope) Chronologically, this is the period of infancy through the first one or two years of life. The child, well – handled, nurtured, and loved, develops trust and security and a basic optimism. Badly handled, he becomes insecure and mistrustful. 2.
by Saul McLeod, updated 2018. Erikson’s (1959) theory of psychosocial development has eight distinct stages, taking in five stages up to the age of 18 years and three further stages beyond, well into adulthood.
