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A thorough investigation of the Çukurbağ reliefs, which are decorated with several historical and mythological themes concerning Nicomedia, and of the building to which they once belonged is therefore crucial, both for a better understanding of Nicomedia and of the wider Roman world.
Nicomedia was founded about 264 B.C. by Nicomedes I of Bithynia (Strab. 12.4.2) on the site of the Greek colony of Olbia. First the capital of the Bithynian kingdom (Memnon 20.1), and later of the Roman province of Bithynia, Nicomedia was astride the great highroad connecting Europe and the East, and was a port as well; Nicaea was its rival.
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Nicomedia (modern İzmit, Turkey) was a city of Bithynia, the residence of Diocletian and his successors until 330. The foundation of Constantinople brought decline, but Nikomedeia remained a provincial capital and seat of a philosophical school headed by Libanios.
Bithynia, dark red, is shown as a client kingdom of Rome, light red. Pontus is shown in dark green. Relations between Bithynia and Rome soured during the reign of Nicomedes II's son and successor Nicomedes III over the influence over the central Anatolian kingdom of Cappadocia.
May 10, 2022 · Died: 22 May 337 (aged 65), Achyron, Nicomedia, Bithynia, Roman Empire (modern day İzmit, Kocaeli, Turkey) Reign: 25 July 306 – 22 May 337; Constantine I, known as Constantine the Great or just Constantine, born Flavius Valerius Constantinus, was Roman emperor, reigning from 306 to 337.
. Bithynia as a province of the Roman Empire, 120 AD. Bithynia was an ancient province in the northwest of Asia Minor, adjoining the Propontis, the Thracian Bosporus and the Euxine (today Black Sea). Several major cities sat on the fertile shores of the Propontis (which is now known as Sea of Marmara): Nicomedia, Chalcedon, Cius and Apamea.
Mar 14, 2024 · The dual province of Bithynia and Pontus formed a “periphery within” the Roman Empire: a sparsely populated landscape in one of the most urbanized parts of the Empire, known for its rugged land and people and rival local dynasties.
