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- A protist (/ ˈproʊtɪst / PROH-tist) or protoctist is any eukaryotic organism that is not an animal, land plant, or fungus. Protists do not form a natural group, or clade, but are a polyphyletic grouping of several independent clades that evolved from the last eukaryotic common ancestor.
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Most protists are microscopic, unicellular organisms that are abundant in soil, freshwater, brackish, and marine environments. They are also common in the digestive tracts of animals and in the vascular tissues of plants. Others invade the cells of other protists, animals, and plants. Not all protists are microscopic.
- Evolutionary Relationships. In the phylogenetic tree above (Figure \(\PageIndex{1}\)), protists do not share a common ancestry. Slime molds share a more recent evolutionary history with fungi and animals, while red and green algae are more closely related to land plants than they are to the brown algae (located in the Stramenopiles group).
- Cell Structure. The cells of protists are among the most elaborate of all cells. Most protists are microscopic and unicellular, but some true multicellular forms exist (such as in the brown algae, Phaeophyta).
- Metabolism. Protists exhibit many forms of nutrition and may be aerobic or anaerobic. Protists that store energy by photosynthesis belong to a group of photoautotrophs and are characterized by the presence of chloroplasts.
- Motility. The majority of protists are motile, but different types of protists have evolved varied modes of movement (Figure \(\PageIndex{3}\)). Some protists have one or more flagella, which they rotate or whip.
Sep 22, 2021 · The cells of protists are among the most elaborate of all cells. Most protists are microscopic and unicellular, but some true multicellular forms exist. A few protists live as colonies that behave in some ways as a group of free-living cells and in other ways as a multicellular organism.
Nov 13, 2008 · Protists were some of the first microbial taxa visualized and described by Anton van Leeuwenhoek and other early microbiologists of the seventeenth century. The description and cataloging of a...
- David A Caron, Alexandra Z Worden, Peter D Countway, Elif Demir, Karla B Heidelberg
- 2009
A protist ( / ˈproʊtɪst / PROH-tist) or protoctist is any eukaryotic organism that is not an animal, land plant, or fungus. Protists do not form a natural group, or clade, but are a polyphyletic grouping of several independent clades that evolved from the last eukaryotic common ancestor .
Protists display highly varied cell structures, several types of reproductive strategies, virtually every possible type of nutrition, and varied habitats. Most single-celled protists are motile, but these organisms use diverse structures for transportation.
Jan 20, 2024 · Most protists are microscopic and unicellular, but some multicellular forms exist. A few protists live as colonies that behave in some ways as a group of independent free-living cells and in other ways as a multicellular organism. Not all protists are microscopic.
