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Experiencing Involuntary & Uncontrollable Movements? It May Be TD. Find A Specialist Here. Learn About A Treatment Option That May Help Manage Symptoms Of Tardive Dyskinesia.
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May 30, 2024 · There are many types of movement disorders that cause different symptoms. For example, dystonia causes muscle contractions that lead to twisting of the body. Another movement disorder called chorea causes brief periods of quick involuntary movements that happen over and over.
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Movement disorders cause increased and/or slow movement. They can affect actions you choose to make or cause uncontrolled movements. There are several movement disorders. Some of the most common include Parkinson’s disease, essential tremor and restless leg syndrome.
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OverviewSymptoms and CausesDiagnosis and TestsManagement and TreatmentOutlook / PrognosisLiving With
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What are the symptoms of movement disorders?
The symptoms of movement disorders vary widely. All movement disorders cause abnormal movements. Some movement disorders have other symptoms, such as thinking and mood changes. The symptoms can range in severity from barely noticeable to disruptive. In general, signs and symptoms of movement disorders include: Episodes of uncontrolled movement, like twitches, spasms, tremors, jerks, twisting and shaking. Problems with coordination and balance. Trouble with certain movement tasks, such as writing, swallowing or speaking. Difficulty walking or changes to your gait. Stiffness or rigidity of your limbs and trunk. Abnormal movements can affect one or more of several parts of your body, including your: Limbs. Hands and fingers. Feet and toes. Facial muscles. Head and neck. Trunk and posture. Voice.
What is the cause of movement disorders?
In general, movement disorders develop from damage to or malfunction of certain parts of your brain that control movement, including your: Primary motor cortex: The primary motor cortex is a strip of brain tissue in your frontal lobe. It’s responsible for initiating voluntary movements. Damage to your primary motor cortex can result in spasticity, myoclonus and issues with fine motor movements. Basal ganglia: Your basal ganglia help start and smooth out voluntary muscle movements, suppress involuntary movements and coordinate changes in your posture. Damage to your basal ganglia can result in chorea, athetosis, dystonia and parkinsonism. Cerebellum: Your cerebellum coordinates your movements, helps your limbs move smoothly and accurately, and helps maintain balance. Damage to this part of your brain results in loss of coordination. Thalamus: Your thalamus is an egg-shaped structure in the deeper part of your brain — one on either side. It’s a relay station of all incoming motor (movement) and sensory information. Damage to your thalamus can cause tremor and motor impairments. Several situations can result in damage to these areas, including: Genetic conditions and mutations. Traumatic brain injury. Infections. Toxins. Acquired or inherited metabolic disorders. Stroke and vascular diseases. Medication side effects. Some movement disorders have a single cause that healthcare providers can identify. But in many cases, the condition results from multiple factors. Some movement disorders have unknown causes.
How are movement disorders diagnosed?
As movement disorders are often complex and mimic other conditions, your healthcare team will likely perform multiple tests to make a diagnosis. They’ll first start with a detailed history, physical exam and a neurological exam. Based on your symptoms, they may order any of these tests: Blood tests to help diagnose certain kinds of movement disorders or rule out other causes. Electromyography (EMG) to assess the health of your muscles and the nerves that control them. Electroencephalogram (EEG) to check the electrical activity of your brain. Lumbar puncture to analyze your cerebrospinal fluid. Muscle biopsy to distinguish between nerve and muscle conditions. Nerve conduction study to measure the flow of electrical current through a nerve before it reaches a muscle. Providers also often use imaging tests to help diagnose movement disorders. They may look at your brain, spinal cord or nerves. These tests may include: Computed tomography (CT). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
How are movement disorders treated?
The treatment for movement disorders varies based on the type. Most movement disorders don’t have a cure, so the goal of treatment is to manage symptoms. But some movement disorders, such as medication-induced parkinsonism, are often treatable. Examples of treatments for movement disorders include: Medication: Several medications can help the symptoms of movement disorders. For example, muscle relaxants can help with spasticity. Dopaminergic medications may help with Parkinson’s disease and restless leg syndrome. Antianxiety medications may help with dystonia. There are also specific medications for specific conditions. Physical therapy: Physical therapy helps improve how your body performs physical movements. Physical therapists help you manage symptoms like pain, stiffness and discomfort that make it hard to move. Occupational therapy: Occupational therapy helps improve your ability to perform daily tasks. An occupational therapist helps you learn how to safely stand, sit, move or use different tools to participate in your activities. Mobility aids: Mobility aids, like canes, walkers and wheelchairs, can help you move more safely and increase your independence. Speech therapy: Speech therapy helps improve your speech, language skills and swallowing ability. Psychotherapy: Psychotherapy (talk therapy) is a term for a variety of treatment techniques that aim to help you identify and change unhealthy emotions, thoughts and behaviors. Movement disorders often lead to mental health conditions, like depression and anxiety. Psychotherapy can help. Botulinum toxin (Botox®) injections: These can help relax your muscles if you have dystonia or spasticity. Deep brain stimulation: This is a brain surgery for people with advanced Parkinson’s disease, dystonia and other tremors. It may reduce involuntary movements. Clinical trials: Clinical trials are a type of research that studies new tests and treatments for specific conditions. There may be a clinical trial you can be a part of.
What can I expect if I have a movement disorder?
No two people with a movement disorder are affected in the same way. The best way to know what to expect is to talk to healthcare providers who specialize in researching and treating your condition. You may benefit from a team of healthcare providers, including: Neurologists. Neurosurgeons. Physical therapists. Occupational therapists. Speech therapists. Psychologists.
How do I take care of myself or my child?
If you or your child have a movement disorder, it’s important to advocate for the best medical care possible. Advocating for care helps ensure the best possible quality of life. You and your family may also want to consider joining a support group to meet others who can relate to your experiences.
When should I see my healthcare provider?
You should see a healthcare provider any time you have changes in how you usually move or issues that affect your routine and activities. The quicker your provider diagnoses a movement disorder, the sooner you’ll be able to start treatment. If you have a movement disorder, you should also seek care when: Your healthcare team has you scheduled for an appointment: Making these appointments helps your team monitor your condition and recommend adjustments to treatment that might help. You notice changes in your symptoms: These kinds of changes can be important information for your team to consider as they work to monitor and care for you. You notice side effects or changes in treatment effectiveness: It may take time to find the right treatment for you, or medication may become less effective with time. Tell your team if your treatment isn’t working or if you notice bothersome side effects. Your healthcare team can also tell you about other signs to watch for that mean you need to see them soon or that you need medical care right away. A note from Cleveland Clinic Receiving a movement disorder diagnosis can be overwhelming. Your healthcare team will help you find a treatment plan that’s unique to your needs. It’s important to make sure you’re getting the support you need and to stay attentive to your health. Know that your healthcare team will be there to support you. Medically Reviewed Last reviewed by a Cleveland Clinic medical professional on 03/23/2023. Learn more about our editorial process.
Movements are not smooth and may appear disjointed or jerky. Patients may fall down frequently due to an unsteady gait. Ataxia also can affect speech and movement of the eyes. If a metabolic disorder can be identified as the underlying cause, specific treatment may be available in select cases.
Nov 13, 2020 · Movement disorders are a group of nervous system (neurologic) conditions that affect a person’s ability to control their body movement. Parkinson’s disease, essential tremor, dystonia and tardive dyskinesia are examples of movement disorders.
Movement disorders are commonly encountered in the clinic. In this Review, aimed at trainees and general neurologists, we provide a practical step-by-step approach to help clinicians in their...
Movement Disorders refers to a group of neurological conditions that can cause altered coordination of movements. Often presented as either increased movements or reduced/slowed movements. These movements may be voluntary or involuntary.
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related to: crusading movement disorderSonderMind connects you with licensed therapists for personalized care that really works. Use your insurance for online video or in-person therapy sessions.
Experiencing Involuntary & Uncontrollable Movements? It May Be TD. Find A Specialist Here. Learn About A Treatment Option That May Help Manage Symptoms Of Tardive Dyskinesia.
