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1. Top results related to define unguarded meaning in computer programming

   • Meaning of -1 in Programming

     Top Answer

     Answered Jun 12, 2013 · 7 votes

     in C# -1 is just negative one. They're comparing a number against a number, seeing if it is indeed equal to negative one.

     It's not uncommon to have an integer field that should only have positive values (for example, when representing an index in a list) and in such cases -1 is sometimes used to represent "not a valid value", for example, there is no item, and hence no index. They use -1 because an int is not nullable; they cannot assign null.

     In theory this is probably a bad practice; it's using a "magic value" to mean something more than it really should. Ideally if "there is not valid" is a valid thing for the variable to represent it should be a nullable integer (int? or Nullable<int>) but this is an old convention (carried over from other languages without a feature for nullable ints) so it's hard to eliminate entirely.

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   • meaning of #define in Windows resources source file

     Top Answer

     Answered Mar 15, 2016 · 2 votes

     The 1001 constant is an identifier for the EDITTEXT control.

     Lets say I am going to add other (...) Which idetnifiers should I use there?

     You simply use another unique value, say 1002, 1003, 1004.

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     2/5

   • Meaning of "Consistent state" in C programming

     Top Answer

     Answered May 21, 2017 · 0 votes

     The wording does not sound familiar to me, but perhaps that was the professor's intention. I think that he means that the variables have been initialised. But he could also mean that in e.g. a multithreaded context, the variables are set while holding a mutex. Or that the variables are not volatile. Without more context, it is hard to guess what he meant.

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     3/5

   • meaning of parenthesis in R programming under levels

     Top Answer

     Answered Mar 13, 2019 · 0 votes

     When an open parenthesis ( comes after a name, R will treat whatever comes before the parentheses as a function and pass whatever is inside the parentheses to that function as arguments.

     I start with this because functions are evaluated with high priority, so "What is the meaning of (l1)[l1]

     " is the wrong question, levels(l1) happens first, then [l1] happens to the result of levels(l1).

     For example:

     log(1:3)-

     Calls the function log() on the vector 1, 2, 3.

     log(c(1, 5, 7))-

     Calls the function c() on 1, 5, 7 to create the vector 1, 5, 7, then calls the function log() on the vector 1, 5, 7.

     log(c(1, 5, 7))[2]-

     Calls the functions c() and then log() as described above, and then calls the function [ on the result, extracting the 2nd element of the result of log().

     factor( c( levels(l1)[l1], levels(l2)[l2] ) ) # some spaces added for clarity-

     • Calls the function levels() on the l1 object subsets the result with [, based on the values in l1
     • Calls the function levels() on the l2 object subsets the result with [, based on the values in l2
     • Calls c() on the results mentioned above
     • Calls factor() on the result of c()

     What is levels(l1)[l1] doing? As far as I can tell, this is a confusing way to get the same result as as.character(l1):

     set.seed(47) # for reproducibilityl1 = factor(sample(letters, size = 10, replace = TRUE))l2 = factor(sample(letters, size = 10, replace = TRUE))l1# [1] z j t v o r k m o y# Levels: j k m o r t v y zlevels(l1)# [1] "j" "k" "m" "o" "r" "t" "v" "y" "z"levels(l1)[l1]# [1] "z" "j" "t" "v" "o" "r" "k" "m" "o" "y"identical(as.character(l1), levels(l1)[l1])# [1] TRUE

     So, overall, I think the goal of factor(c(levels(l1)[l1], levels(l2)[l2])) is to concatenate the vectors l1 and l2, with a factor as the result. I think a clearer way to do this is

     factor(c(as.character(l1), as.character(l2)))# [1] z j t v o r k m o y d s e p n x k a b m# Levels: a b d e j k m n o p r s t v x y z

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   • Meaning of a stack overflow in C programming

     Top Answer

     Answered Aug 15, 2014 · 10 votes

     which memory is it?

     It is the stack memory, namely that which the program uses to store information during a function call about where to return to. Each time you call a function, the CPU saves the location of what's currently executing onto the stack, then jumps to the new function. When the function is done, it pops that location off the stack and returns there. This is what makes recursion possible.

     What is the size of stack that is overflowing?

     The actual size of the stack is completely platform-dependent. Many operating systems tend to limit the size of the stack to a few megabytes, but allow that size to be changed. If the system runs out of virtual memory, this can also limit the stack size. Some (much) older CPUs have a fixed-size stack (the Intel 8008 only has 7 stack entries).

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2. stackoverflow.com › questions › 17930267What is the difference between syntax and semantics in ...

   stackoverflow.com › questions › 17930267

   Jul 29, 2013 · Syntax is the structure or form of expressions, statements, and program units but Semantics is the meaning of those expressions, statements, and program units. Semantics follow directly from syntax .

3. dl.acm.org › doi › 10Guarded command | Encyclopedia of Computer Science

   dl.acm.org › doi › 10

   Jan 1, 2003 · The term guarded command, as defined by Dijkstra (1975), is synonymous with a conditionally executed statement. More precisely, a guarded command is the combination of a condition (boolean expression) B and the (possibly compound) statement S whose execution is controlled by B .

4. www.idtech.com › blog › coding-terminology-list54 Coding Terms | Computer Programming Vocab Dictionary ...

   www.idtech.com › blog › coding-terminology-list

   • Cached

   • Algorithm
   • Argument
   • Arrays
   • Arithmetic Operators
   • Assignment Operators
   • Augmented Reality
   • Autonomous
   • Binary Numbers
   • Block Coding
   • C++

   An algorithmis a set of instructions that are followed to solve a problem. It's a computer's thought process.

   See full list on idtech.com

   An argumentis a way to provide more information to a function. The function can then use that information as it runs, like a variable (For more info on variables, see below.)

   See full list on idtech.com

   Arrays are containers that hold variables; they're used to group together similar variables. You can think of arrays like shelves at a pet store. The array would be the shelf, and the animals in cages are the variables inside.

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   Arithmetic operators are essential in almost every application, especially in games. If a game character earns experience, it needs to be added to the total earned. If an arrow hits an enemy, the damage the enemy takes needs to be calculated.

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   Assignment operators (+=, -=, *=, /=) are operators that combine variable assignments (=) with arithmetic operators. They serve as a shortcut when coders have to perform an operation that changes the value of a variable. If a rock falls on a game player's head, health needs to be subtracted from their total, and so on.

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   Augmented reality (AR) is an interactive experience where digital objects are placed in a real-world environment in real time. While virtual reality creates a completely artificial environment, augmented reality uses the existing real-world environment and overlays new information on top of it. Pokémon Gois a popular example, blending the real worl...

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   Autonomous robot, self-driving car, and delivery bot are all terms used to describe robots that navigate their environments using sensors with little to no human interaction.

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   A binary number is a computer's way to represent information. Computers process millions of 1's and 0's a minute using different rules to interpret them as numbers, letters, operators, and everything else put into a computer.

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   With block-based coding, programming "blocks" fit together like puzzle pieces. When you code with blocks, you take the first block you want the program to execute and attach it to another block, and so on.

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   C++ is a low-level yet versatile programming language. Beginnners who master this language will be able to solve complex problems and understand how programs work. Related: Online C++ tutoring for kids and teens

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5. blog.codacy.com › common-programming-errors10 Common Programming Errors and How to Avoid Them - Codacy

   blog.codacy.com › common-programming-errors

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   Mar 7, 2024 · We take a deep dive into the most common programming errors with examples and tips on how to avoid and mitigate these errors to improve your code.

6. www.geeksforgeeks.org › operators-programmingWhat are Operators in Programming? - GeeksforGeeks

   www.geeksforgeeks.org › operators-programming

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   Feb 21, 2024 · Operators in programming are symbols or keywords that represent computations or actions performed on operands. Operands can be variables, constants, or values, and the combination of operators and operands form expressions.

7. www.oed.com › dictionary › unguarded_adjunguarded, adj. meanings, etymology and more | Oxford English ...

   www.oed.com › dictionary › unguarded_adj

   • Cached

   There are seven meanings listed in OED's entry for the adjective unguarded. See ‘Meaning & use’ for definitions, usage, and quotation evidence.

8. www.freecodecamp.org › news › what-is-codingWhat is Coding? Computer Coding Definition - freeCodeCamp.org

   www.freecodecamp.org › news › what-is-coding

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   Aug 10, 2021 · Coding is a subset of programming, which entails the logical reasoning, analysis, and planning out a sequence of instructions for a computer program or application before any coding is done. Programming is the bigger picture in the process.