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- While kingdoms had existed prior to the late medieval era, of course, during the feudal or high medieval era they had been hollowed out or broken up as public authority was usurped first by great magnates of the realm and then by lesser lords.
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May 26, 2024 · Spanning approximately 1000 years from the 5th to the 15th century, the medieval period saw the formation of European kingdoms, the rise of the Catholic Church, the ravages of the Black Death, and the beginnings of the Renaissance and the Age of Discovery.
- Kingdoms
- Principalities
- Communes
- Leagues
The kingdom or regnumwas a territorial political community bound together by common customs, laws and (imagined) descent and ruled by a king or emperor who recognized no superior temporal authority. While kingdoms had existed prior to the late medieval era, of course, during the feudal or high medieval era they had been hollowed out or broken up as...
Closely related to the kingdom was the principality. The principality was a territorial political community ruled not by a king, but by a “prince” – that is, a great magnate, typically a count or duke, though sometimes an actual prince, who was the “first magistrate” of the political community. Examples of principalities include the Duchy of Burgun...
In addition to kingdoms and principalities, the late medieval international order was populated with urban communes. Generically speaking, a commune was a sworn association with common interests and some form of self-regulation. While such an association could take a variety of forms – guilds, fraternities, etc. – for the purposes of this article, ...
A final type of polity populating the late medieval international order was the “league”. In much of the existing literature, leagues have either been ignored or portrayed as a form of political unit qualitatively different from the state. In actual fact, although leagues were quite diverse, those relevant to the study of medieval geopolitics are m...
Apr 19, 2024 · The Middle Ages was the period in European history from the collapse of Roman civilization in the 5th century CE to the period of the Renaissance (variously interpreted as beginning in the 13th, 14th, or 15th century, depending on the region of Europe and other factors).
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
- After the dissolution of the Roman Empire, the idea arose of Europe as one large church-state, called Christendom. Christendom consisted of two dis...
- The Migration Period was a historical period sometimes called the Dark Ages, Late Antiquity, or the Early Middle Ages. The period lasted from the f...
- Romanesque art was the first of two great international artistic eras that flourished in Europe during the Middle Ages. Romanesque architecture eme...
- Feudalism designates the social, economic, and political conditions in western Europe during the early Middle Ages, the long stretch of time betwee...
Oct 19, 2023 · Even if King Arthur did not exist, his legend suggests kingdoms played a role in the Middle Ages. At around the same time tribes and small kingdoms were warring over parts of Europe, the African kingdoms of Ghana and Mali were among the strongest of the Middle Ages.
During late antiquity and the early Middle Ages, political, social, economic, and cultural structures were profoundly reorganized, as Roman imperial traditions gave way to those of the Germanic peoples who established kingdoms in the former Western Empire.
In the late Middle Ages, sovereignty was not always reciprocally recognized (especially between kingdoms and lesser polities). The late medieval norm of sovereignty thus generated a mixed system of Hobbesian-Lockean – rather than simply Lockean – anarchy.
In the early Middle Ages, from the 5th to 10th centuries, this understanding was molded by the customs and practices of the Germanic kingdoms that replaced the Roman Empire and its legal traditions in western Europe.
