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May 28, 2024 · Murad II (born June 1404, Amasya, Ottoman Empire [now in Turkey]—died February 3, 1451, Edirne) was an Ottoman sultan (1421–44 and 1446–51) who expanded and consolidated Ottoman rule in the Balkans, pursued a policy of restraint in Anatolia, and helped lead the empire to recovery after its near demise at the hands of Timur following the Battle of Ankara (1402).
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6 days ago · In 1444, in an unprecedented move, Murad II abdicated in favor of his son, Mehmed II. Murad’s abdication was driven by a desire to retire from the burdens of rule and perhaps to lead a more spiritual life. However, the political situation soon demanded his return. In 1446, Murad II was compelled to resume the throne due to the instability and ...
In 1429 and 1435, Emir Timur's (Tamerlane) son Shah Rukh made two expeditions to the West. This gave hope to the Ottoman enemies. But Sultan Murad II never thought of opposing Shah Rukh. He ...
Murad II laid siege to Constantinople in 1422, but the effort failed because the Ottomans lacked artillery to destroy the city walls. Murad was also distracted from the siege by his need to combat yet another claimant to the Ottoman throne. As they had done before, the Byzantines called upon European Christians for assistance against the Ottomans.
Turkey portal. v. t. e. The Ottoman Empire was founded c. 1299 by Osman I as a small beylik in northwestern Asia Minor just south of the Byzantine capital Constantinople. In 1326, the Ottomans captured nearby Bursa, cutting off Asia Minor from Byzantine control.
May 24, 2024 · Search for: 'Murad II' in Oxford Reference ». (c. 1403–51)Ottoman sultan (1421–51). He overcame early opposition to his claim to the throne and, after significant reverses, routed a Hungarian-led “crusade” at the Battle of Varna and the second Battle of Kosovo (1448). He also made the Janissaries a basic pillar of the Ottoman state.
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It was only in the 19th century that Ottoman reformers centralized government and society on Western lines and restricted or ended the traditional autonomies that had done so much to decentralize power in the previous centuries. Ottoman Empire - Classical Society, Administration, Reforms: During the 16th century the institutions of society and ...
