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The Duchy of Saxony (Low German: Hartogdom Sassen, German: Herzogtum Sachsen) was originally the area settled by the Saxons in the late Early Middle Ages, when they were subdued by Charlemagne during the Saxon Wars from 772 and incorporated into the Carolingian Empire by 804.
- Feudal Duchy
Ducal standard of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha. The Duchy was born when the arbitration of the King of Saxony, Frederick Augustus, produced the Treaty of Hildburghausen on 12 November 1826 for the Gothaische Teilung (Gothan Division), the extensive rearrangement of the Ernestine duchies.
Frederick seperated the Archbishopric of Bremen and the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg from Saxony, and gave the remainder of Saxony (the southern parts) to the House of Ascania. In 1260 after the death of Albert I, his two sons (Albert II and John I) jointly ruled the duchy of Saxony.
After the dissolution of the medieval Duchy of Saxony the name Saxony was first applied to a small part of the ancient duchy situated on the Elbe around the city of Wittenberg. This was given to Bernard of Ascania, the second son of Albert the Bear, who was the founder of the Mark of Brandenburg, from which has come the present Kingdom of Prussia .
Jun 16, 2023 · The Saxons were a Germanic people who settled in the region of Northern Germany at some point prior to the 4th century CE, eventually establishing their provinces of Angria, Eastphalia, and Westphalia in the region that came to be known as Saxony.
- Joshua J. Mark
The Saxon duchy was split. The western part was given to the Archbishop of Cologne, the eastern part as well as the title dux saxoniae given to Bernhard of Saxony, from the Askanian family. When there was no male Askanian heir in 1422, the title went to the Wettins of Meissen, who had their seat in today's Saxony.
After Charlemagne's conquest (772–804) of the Saxons, their land was incorporated into the Carolingian empire, and late in the 9th cent. the first duchy of Saxony.
