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276–277 CE
- With the assistance of the Sasanian Empire, Mani began missionary expeditions. After failing to win the favour of the next generation of Persian royalty and incurring the disapproval of the Zoroastrian clergy, Mani is reported to have died in prison awaiting execution by Persian emperor Bahram I. The date of his death is estimated at 276–277 CE.
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Mani's followers depicted Mani's death as a crucifixion in a conscious analogy to the crucifixion of Jesus; al-Biruni says that Bahram ordered the execution of Mani. There is a story which claims that he was flayed, and his corpse suspended over the main gate of the great city of Gundeshapur; [31] however, there is no historical basis for this ...
Manichaeism ( / ˌmænɪˈkiːɪzəm /; [4] in New Persian آیینِ مانی Āyīn-e Mānī; Chinese: 摩尼教; pinyin: Móníjiào) is a former major world religion, [5] founded in the 3rd century CE by the Parthian [6] prophet Mani (216–274 CE), in the Sasanian Empire. [7]
However, on his return to Persia, Mani failed to win the favor of the next generation, and being disapproved of by the Zoroastrian clergy, he was reported to have died in prison awaiting execution by the Persian Emperor Bahram I (273-276 C.E.). Alternate accounts have it that he was either flayed to death or beheaded. Growth of Manichaeism
Manichean tradition unanimously has it that Mani was kept in prison for twenty-six days, beginning on Wednesday the 8th of (Aramaic) Šabāṭ and ending with Mani’s death on the 27th day, Monday the 4th of Ādār. Of these dates, only the day of Mani’s death is not under suspicion of hagiographic stylization (see next section).
Mani is revered as the final prophet after Zoroaster, Buddha, Gautama, and Jesus. Mani was born in Iran in 216 A.D. and died in 274 A.D. Manichean churches and scriptures existed as far east as China and as far west as the Roman Empire.
Mani was an Iranian prophet and the founder of Manichaeism, a religion most prevalent in late antiquity.
