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Rudolf I (c. 1282 – 3/4 July 1307), also known as Rudolf of Habsburg, was a member of the House of Habsburg, the King of Bohemia and titular King of Poland from 1306 until his death. He was also Duke of Austria (as Rudolf III) and Styria from 1298.
Apr 30, 2024 · Rudolf I (born May 1, 1218, Limburg-im-Breisgau [Germany]—died July 15, 1291, Speyer) was the first German king of the Habsburg dynasty. A son of Albert IV, Count of Habsburg, Rudolf on the occasion of his father’s death ( c. 1239) inherited lands in upper Alsace, the Aargau, and Breisgau.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
King Ottokar II Přemysl of Bohemia (c. 1232–1278) was by far the most important of the electors and regarded himself as the natural head of the Empire.
Rudolf I (1 May 1218 – 15 July 1291) was the first King of Germany from the House of Habsburg. The first of the count-kings of Germany, he reigned from 1273 until his death in 1291. Rudolf's election marked the end of the Great Interregnum which had begun after the death of the Hohenstaufen Emperor Frederick II in 1250.
Rudolf I: The progenitor. It is with Rudolf that most of the Habsburg genealogical trees start. He is regarded as the forefather of the dynasty, even though by that time the family already belonged to the established aristocracy of Swabia. Rudolf was thus no newcomer who had arrived out of nowhere.
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Rudolf’s victory was narrow but made final by the death of Ottokar, who was evidently murdered in the tumult of battle by personal enemies. After the victory, often stylised in patriotic historiography as a national battle of decision, Rudolf installed his sons as rulers in Austria and Styria.
Rudolf I of Bohemia is most famous for his role in the Investiture Controversy. He was crowned King of the Romans in 1273, and became the first king of Bohemia in 1278.
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