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The Old Swiss Confederacy, also known as Switzerland or the Swiss Confederacy, [6] was a loose confederation of independent small states (cantons, German Orte or Stände [7]), initially within the Holy Roman Empire. It is the precursor of the modern state of Switzerland.
History of Switzerland. The Old Swiss Confederacy began as a late medieval alliance between the communities of the valleys in the Central Alps, at the time part of the Holy Roman Empire, to facilitate the management of common interests such as free trade and to ensure the peace along the important trade routes through the mountains.
Switzerland, officially the Swiss Confederation, is a landlocked country located in west-central Europe. [d][13] It is bordered by Italy to the south, France to the west, Germany to the north, and Austria and Liechtenstein to the east.
Napoleon's Act of Mediation in 1803 restored the status of Switzerland as a Confederation, and after the end of the Napoleonic period, the Swiss Confederation underwent a period of turmoil culminating in a brief civil war in 1847 and the creation of a federal constitution in 1848.
Below is a list of presidents of the Swiss Confederation (1848–present). It presents the presiding member of the Swiss Federal Council, the country's seven-member executive.
The president of the Swiss Confederation, also known as the president of the confederation, federal president or colloquially as the president of Switzerland, is as primus inter pares among the other members of the Federal Council formally the head of Switzerland's seven-member executive branch.
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Sep 6, 2000 · The Confederation was founded in 1848 – 50 years earlier the invading French forces of Napoleon Bonaparte had declared the Helvetic Republic. Renaissance writers describing the region that was to...
