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What is a unitary business?
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Apr 8, 2010 · Unitary combined reporting, income apportionment, and State tax jurisdiction can present surprising consequences for foreign corporations. As illustrated by Wisconsin, State unitary tax regimes can also produce constitutionally suspect results.
The definition of a unitary business has figured prominently in several recent decisions of the U.S. Supreme Court on the constitutionality of state corporate income taxes.
- Charles E McLure, Charles E McLure
- 1983
The definition of a unitary business has figured prominently in several recent decisions of the U.S. Supreme Court on the constitutionality of state corporate income taxes. This paper employs economic analysis to frame a three part test of whether a unitary business exists.
- Charles E McLure, Charles E McLure
- 1983
Mar 1, 2001 · The finding that tax rate cuts are ineffective in nonunitary states implies that these states may be more successful in attracting investment by changes affecting apportionment factors (tax credits for new capital, or new jobs) or by use of nontax incentives. This content is only available via PDF. American Accounting Association.
- Examples of Unitary States
- Unitary States vs. Federations
- Unitary States vs. Authoritarian States
- Pros and Cons
Of the 193 member countries of the United Nations, 165 are unitary states. The United Kingdom and France are two well-recognized examples.
The opposite of a unitary state is a federation. A federation is a constitutionally organized union or alliance of partially self-governing states or other regions under a central federal government. Unlike the largely powerless local governments in a unitary state, the states of a federation enjoy some degree of independence in their internal affa...
Unitary states should not be confused with authoritarian states. In an authoritarian state, all governing and political power is vested in a single individual leader or small, elite group of individuals. The leader or leaders of an authoritarian state are not chosen by the people, nor are they constitutionally responsible to the people. Authoritari...
The unitary state is the most common form of government in the world. This system of government has its benefits, but as with all schemes of dividing power between government and the people, it also has drawbacks.
I. BACKGROUND TO UNITARY ISSUE. A. Early Property and Capital Stock Tax Cases. In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the Supreme Court considered a number of capital stock and prop-erty tax cases applying formulary apportionment to railroads, tel-egraph companies, and other businesses directly involved in interstate commerce.
Apr 14, 2015 · The unitary business principle plays an important role not only as a criterion for combined reporting, but also as a touchstone for a state’s ability to tax extraterritorial values.
