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  2. On 16 December 1971, Pakistan ultimately called for unilateral ceasefire and surrendered its entire four-tier military to the Indian Army – hence ending the Indo-Pakistani war of 1971. On the ground, Pakistan suffered the most, with 8,000 killed and 25,000 wounded, while India had 3,000 dead and 12,000 wounded.

    • Bangladesh: The Liberation War
    • India: The Finest Victory
    • Pakistan: The Forgotten Conflict

    The struggle for Bengali rights started shortly after Pakistan gained independence as a country with two incontiguous territories known as West Pakistan (today’s Pakistan) and East Pakistan (today’s Bangladesh). The refusal to accept Bengali as a state language of Pakistan in the early years after Partition, economic disparity between the two parts...

    In India and Pakistan, 1971 may not be as actively remembered but it remains central to how both nations view themselves and each other. In India, the war is fondly recalled as the nation’s finest win, a testament to its military prowess and superiority, and as revenge for Pakistan having “broken” India in 1947. Having lost the Indo-Sino war in 196...

    In Pakistan, the state has resorted to selective forgetting of what happened in 1971. Perceived as a humiliating defeat, the war is brushed over in textbooks and there is little acknowledgement of the military oppression and the resulting atrocities in East Pakistan. What is hailed as liberation in Bangladesh is awkwardly recalled by Pakistanis as ...

  3. Dec 16, 2021 · The separatist movement in East Pakistan was supported by India, which officially entered the war on December 3, 1971. Soon after, on December 16, the Pakistani army surrendered.

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  4. Dec 16, 1971 · The most spectacular—and depressing—spectacle of this was witnessed at the race course ground in Dhaka on December 16, 1971 when 90,000 Pakistani troops and members of the civil bureaucracy surrendered to the invading Indian army. Perhaps never before in history has such a large number of troops surrendered to an enemy anywhere.

  5. Dec 16, 2018 · There was an Indian naval blockade and the only functional airfield in Dhaka was destroyed on December 6, 1971. The war’s outer appearance in East Pakistan was hard to miss. It was exposed to ‘insurmountable challenges’.

  6. Dec 16, 2021 · On December 13, 1971, Wing Commander Hersern Singh Gill, known as “High-Speed Gill” by his colleagues, had just returned from a strike mission on an underground Ops room and communication centre at...

  7. Dec 16, 2022 · Vijay Diwas or Victory Day is commemorated on December 16, marking the end of the 1971 Indo-Pak War and the liberation of Bangladesh. India declared victory on this day 51 years ago after Pakistan signed the Instrument of Surrender. So, what led to the war, which was found over 13 days? We explain the history.

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