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Agrigento (Italian: [aɡriˈdʒɛnto] ⓘ; Sicilian: Girgenti [dʒɪɾˈdʒɛndɪ] or Giurgenti [dʒʊɾˈdʒɛndɪ]; Ancient Greek: Ἀκράγας, romanized: Akrágas; Latin: Agrigentum or Acragas; Punic: ’GRGNT; Arabic: كركنت, romanized: Kirkant, or جرجنت Jirjant) is a city on the southern coast of Sicily, Italy and capital of the province of Agrigento.
When people think of Sicily, rarely do they ever think of it as the heartland of a kingdom. Sicily is often seen merely as a part of Italy, leading its rich, unique, and multicultural history to fall by the wayside. Sicily was indeed the center for the formation of a Norman kingdom and a multicultural heartland during the late 1000s into the 1100s.
The Kingdom of Sicily was a state that existed in Sicily and the south of the Italian Peninsula plus, for a time, in Northern Africa from its founding by Roger II of Sicily in 1130 until 1816. It was a successor state of the County of Sicily, which had been founded in 1071 during the Norman conquest of the southern peninsula. The island was divided into three regions: Val di Mazara, Val Demone ...
Italy. ancient Greece. Magna Graecia, group of ancient Greek cities along the coast of southern Italy; the people of this region were known to the Greeks as Italiotai and to the Romans as Graeci. The site of extensive trade and commerce, Magna Graecia was the seat of the Pythagorean and Eleatic systems of philosophy.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
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In 1861, the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies was invaded and conquered by an Expedition Corp ( Expedition of the Thousand) led by Giuseppe Garibaldi during the Italian unification. After a referendum, Two Sicilies was annexed by the Kingdom of Sardinia. Later, with several other northern city-states and duchies, formed the new Kingdom of Italy .
- Succeeded by
- Parliament
Later, Pope Alexander III successfully supported an alliance of northern cities known as the Lombard League against the efforts of Emperor Frederick I of the Hohenstaufen dynasty to impose imperial authority over them. Early in the 13th century the Hohenstaufen Frederick II succeeded in uniting the thrones of German and Norman Sicily.
Among the great Punic cities there are, in addition to the capital Carthage, Hadrumetum, Ruspina, Cartagena and Hippone. Gadès and Utica (on the territory of present-day Tunisia) were founded by the Phoenicians between the 12th and 10th centuries BC. Carthage was founded on a peninsula surrounded by lagoons northeast of present-day Tunis.
