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Western Africa - Exploration, Trade, Colonization: The arrival of European sea traders at the Guinea coastlands in the 15th century clearly marks a new epoch in their history and in the history of all of western Africa. The pioneers were the Portuguese, southwestern Europeans with the necessary knowledge, experience, and national purpose to ...
Northwest Africa (the Maghreb) was known as either Libya or Africa, while Egypt was considered part of Asia. European exploration of sub-Saharan Africa begins with the Age of Discovery in the 15th century, pioneered by the Kingdom of Portugal under Henry the Navigator.
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In the Modern Era, Western Europeans colonised regions in all the continent's 5 major "parts", culminating in the Scramble for Africa in the late 19th century, during which nearly the entire continent was colonized. Ancient and Medieval colonies. Map of Africa in 1910.
Europeans had colonized western Africa in the later 19th and early 20th centuries confident that their civilization was immensely superior to anything Africa had produced or could produce. Yet hardly had their colonies been established than these convictions began to be challenged.
hide. (Top) Periodisation. Colonialism in ancient times (3200 BC – 7th century AD) Arab colonization: North Africa and the Middle East (7th century–8th century) Portuguese and Spanish colonial hegemony: the Americas (15th century–1770) Colonialism within Europe (16th–20th century) Imperial Russia: Central Asia and Siberia (16th–20th century)
Africa was partitioned by the European powers during the Berlin Conference of 1884-85, a meeting where not a single African was present. The result was a continent defined by artificial borders with little concern for existing ethnic, linguistic, or geographic realities.
