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Nubian languages, group of languages spoken in Sudan and southern Egypt, chiefly along the banks of the Nile River (where Nobiin and Kenzi [Kenuzi] are spoken) but also in enclaves in the Nuba Hills of southern Sudan (Hill Nubian) and in Darfur (where Birked [Birgid] and Midob [Midobi] are spoken).
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
Modern Nubians speak Nubian languages. They belong to the Eastern Sudanic branch of the Nilo-Saharan phylum. But there is some uncertainty regarding the classification of the languages spoken in Nubia in antiquity.
There are two Nile Nubian languages: Nobíin was located on both sides of the Sudanese Egyptian border. It was traditionally located between the 3rd cataract of the Nile in northern Sudan and the village of Korosko [correctly pronounced Kuruskó] in Egyptian Nubia.
- SOAS University of London
- Nobíin, Kenzi-Andáandi
- Kirsty Rowan, Herman Bell
- Sudan
The Nilo-Saharan languages are a proposed family of around 210 African languages spoken by somewhere around 70 million speakers, mainly in the upper parts of the Chari and Nile rivers, including historic Nubia, north of where the two tributaries of the Nile meet.
Historically, the people of Nubia spoke at least two varieties of Nubian languages, a subfamily that includes Nobiin (the descendant of Old Nubian), Dongolawi, Midob and several related varieties in the northern part of the Nuba Mountains in South Kordofan. The Birgid language was spoken north of Nyala in Darfur, but
The counterview is that Nubian was a language of the Nile valley and that it spread west by immigration from the river. On this theory, Nubian would have been the main spoken language from at least as early as 500 BC and perhaps considerably earlier, Meroitic would have been a ruling class language (Shinnie, 1978).
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In 2016, the Nubian homelands are once again threatened by the planned construction of further dams in Sudanese Nubia. The Nubian Languages and Culture Project is assisting with safeguarding the intangible heritage and endangered languages of this ancient land, people and culture.
