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Auschwitz was the largest camp established by the Germans. It was a complex of camps, including a concentration, extermination, and forced-labor camp. It was located at the town of Oswiecim near the prewar German-Polish border in Eastern Upper Silesia, an area annexed to Germany in 1939.
The largest was Auschwitz-Birkenau, located 37 miles (about 59 km) west of Krakow, near the prewar German-Polish border. The Auschwitz complex consisted of three main camps: the Auschwitz I concentration camp, the Auschwitz II (Birkenau) killing center, and the Auschwitz III (Monowitz) forced-labor camp.
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It is estimated that the SS and police deported at least 1.3 million people to the Auschwitz camp complex between 1940 and 1945. Of these deportees, approximately 1.1 million people were murdered. The best estimates of the number of victims at the Auschwitz camp complex, including the killing center at Auschwitz-Birkenau, between 1940 and 1945 are:...
Auschwitz I, the main camp, was the first camp established near Oswiecim. Construction began in April 1940 in an abandoned Polish army barracks in a suburb of the city. SS authorities continuously used prisoners for forced labor to expand the camp. During the first year of the camp’s existence, the SS and police cleared a zone of approximately 40 s...
Trains arrived at Auschwitz frequently with transports of Jews from virtually every country in Europe occupied by or allied to Germany. These transports arrived from early 1942 to early November 1944. The approximate breakdown of deportations from individual countries: 1. Hungary: 426,000 2. Poland: 300,000 3. France: 69,000 4. Netherlands: 60,000 ...
Auschwitz III, also called Buna or Monowitz, was established in October 1942. It housed prisoners assigned to work at the Buna synthetic rubber works, located on the outskirts of the small village of Monowice. In the spring of 1941, German conglomerate I.G. Farben established a factory in which its executives intended to exploit concentration camp ...
Between 1942 and 1944, the SS authorities at Auschwitz established 44 subcamps. Some of them were established within the officially designated “development” zone, including Budy, Rajsko, Tschechowitz, Harmense, and Babitz. Others, such as Blechhammer, Gleiwitz, Althammer, Fürstengrube, Laurahuette, and Eintrachthuette were located in Upper Silesia ...
On January 27, 1945, the Soviet army entered Auschwitz, Birkenau, and Monowitz and liberated about seven thousand prisoners, most of whom were ill and dying.
Auschwitz Birkenau - Duits naziconcentratie- en vernietigingskamp (1940-1945) Auschwitz Birkenau was het grootste concentratie- en vernietigingskamp in het Derde Rijk. De versterkte muren, prikkeldraad, perrons, galg, gaskamers en crematieovens laten de omstandigheden zien waarin de genocide door de nazi’s plaats vond.
Maps of the Holocaust. Reports about large-scale Nazi massacres of European Jews began reaching the West in late 1941. But it wasn't until January 1944 that President Franklin D. Roosevelt ...
- American Experience
Auschwitz was the largest camp established by the Germans. It was a complex of camps, including a concentration, extermination, and forced-labor camp. It was located at the town of Oswiecim near the prewar German-Polish border in Eastern Upper Silesia, an area annexed to Germany in 1939.
A detailed look at archival maps, blueprints and photos of Auschwitz.
