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Charles I (born 1288, Naples, Kingdom of Naples [Italy]—died July 16, 1342, Visegrád, Hung.) was a courtly, pious king of Hungary who restored his kingdom to the status of a great power and enriched and civilized it. Charles was the son of Charles Martel of Anjou-Naples and Clemencia of Habsburg, daughter of the Holy Roman emperor Rudolf I.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
- Struggle For Hungary
- Struggles with The Magnates
- The Restoration of The Royal Power
- Foreign Policy
- Death
- Marriages and Children
- Legacy
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In the beginning of 1300, a powerful magnate, Paul Šubić accepted Charles' title to the kingdom and invited him to Hungary. His grandfather accepted the invitation and granted Charles a smaller amount of money and sent him to Hungary to enforce his claim against King Andrew III. Charles disembarked in Split in August 1300 and he went to Zagrebwhere...
After Otto's escape, Charles stood alone as claimant to the throne of Hungary, but large parts of his kingdom were under the rule of powerful aristocrats and even his alleged partisans ignored his royal prerogatives. His position slightly strengthened when the legate of Pope Clement Varrived to Hungary in June 1308, who persuaded Máté Csák to recog...
Charles carried out numerous important political and economical reforms. In the beginning of 1323, he renounced the royal prerogative of undermining the currency and introduced a new tax (lucrum camaræ)in order to ensure the permanency of the royal revenues. In the same year, Charles transferred his seat to Visegrád from Timişoara. Charles establis...
Charles's foreign policy largely stemmed from dynastic alliances and he also endeavored to strengthen his rule over the neighboring territories that had accepted the supremacy of the Kings of Hungary in the course of the thirteenth century. Charles lead, already in 1324, his armies against Voivode Basarab I of Wallachia who had occupied the Banat o...
Charles died on July 16, 1342, and was laid beside the high altar in Székesfehérvár, the ancient burial place of the Árpáds.
First marriage
Charles married three times. His first wife was Mary of Bytom, a member of the Piast dynasty. She died childless on December 15, 1317 in Temesvár.She was a daughter of Casimir, Duke of Bytom and his wife Helena. Her paternal grandparents were Ladislaus I, Duke of Opole and Euphemia of Greater Poland. Ladislaus was a son of Kasimir I, Duke of Opole and Viola of Bulgaria. Euphemia was a daughter of W_adys_aw Odonic, Duke of Greater Poland and his wife Hedwig. Kasimir I was a son of Mieszko I Ta...
Second marriage
In 1318, Charles married his second wife Beatrix of Luxembourg. She was a daughter of Henry VII, Holy Roman Emperor and Margaret of Brabant. Beatrix was a younger sister of both John of Bohemia and Marie de Luxembourg, Queen of France. In November, 1319, Beatrix died after giving birth to a stillborn child.
Third marriage
On July 6, 1320, Charles married his third wife Elizabeth of Poland. She was a daughter of Władysław I the Elbow-high and Jadwiga of Greater Poland.Her maternal grandparents were Boleslaus of Greater Poland and Jolenta of Hungary. They had five sons: 1. Charles (1321). 2. Ladislaus (Belgrade, November 1, 1324 – February 24, 1329). 3. Louis I of Hungary(1326–1382). 4. Andrew, Duke of Calabria (1327–1345). 5. Stephen, Duke of Slavonia (1332–1354).
Charles carried out numerous important political and economical reforms: he established the so-called honor system which made the powerful barons dependent of his favor and he introduced new coins with a constantly high purity of gold. Charles's foreign policy largely stemmed from dynastic alliances. His most successful achievement was the mutual d...
Cartledge, Bryan. 2006. The will to survive: a history of Hungary. Tiverton: Timewell Press. ISBN 9781857252125.Kósa, László. 1999. A cultural history of Hungary. Budapest: Corvina. ISBN 9789631348361.Molnár, Miklós. 2001. A concise history of Hungary. Cambridge concise histories. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521661423.De Puy, Henry W. 1852.Kossuth and his generals: with a brief history of Hungary; select speeches of Kossuth; etc. Buffalo: Phinney. OCLC 2827817All links retrieved February 3, 2017. 1. Hungary. Foundation for Medieval Genealogy and Charles Cawley. 2. Luxembourg. Foundation for Medieval Genealogy and Charles Cawley. 3. Poland. Foundation for Medieval Genealogy and Charles Cawley. 4. Silesia. Foundation for Medieval Genealogy and Charles Cawley.
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Jan 12, 2018 · Elizabeth of York portrait. Public domain image. (February 11, 1466 - February 11, 1503; England) Elizabeth of York was the only woman to have been a daughter, sister, niece, wife, and mother to English kings. Her marriage to Henry VII signaled the end of the wars of the roses and the beginning of the Tudor dynasty.
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Jun 1, 2022 · Charles came to the Kingdom of Hungary upon the invitation of an influential Croatian lord, Paul Šubić, in August 1300. Andrew III died (the last of Árpád dynasty) on 14 January 1301 , and within four months Charles was crowned king, but with a provisional crown instead of the Holy Crown of Hungary.
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