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1090 BC —or the Year of the Hyenas, in the reign of Ramesses XI, was a year of catastrophe. There was a very significant drop in the flow of river Nile waters, caused by a spike in climate normality.
The 1090s was a decade of the Julian Calendar which began on January 1, 1090, and ended on December 31, 1099. Events. 1090. By place. Europe. A third Almoravid expedition is launched in Al-Andalus, designed to finally subdue the Taifa's Kingdoms.
Significant people. References. 1080s BC. The 1080s BC was a decade which lasted from 1089 BC to 1080 BC. Events and trends. Iron Age continues. 1089 BC — Melanthus, legendary King of Athens, dies after a reign of 37 years and is succeeded by his son Codrus.
- Causes of The First Crusade
- The Muslim Enemy
- Peter The Hermit & The 'People's Crusade'
- The Fall of Antioch
- The Capture of Jerusalem
- More Victories
- Assessment: Achievements & Failures
The first and most important action to spark off the fuse which would eventually burn down to the explosion of the First Crusade was the rise of the Muslim Seljuks, a Turkish tribe of the steppe. The Seljuks won significant victories in Asia Minor against Byzantine armies, notably at the Battle of Manzikert in ancient Armenia in August 1071. As a c...
The Seljuk Muslims who had taken control of most of Asia Minor and northern Syria in the latter decades of the 11th century were suffering their own particular problems even before the crusaders arrived. In conflict with their bitter rivals, the Shiite Fatimids, based in Egypt, the Sunni Seljuk Muslims had wrestled Jerusalem from them. However, a s...
Ironically, and despite the Pope's deliberate intentions to appeal specifically to knights (which is what Alexios had asked for), a whole lot of other people were bitten by the crusading bug. The first major group was the people's army, a mixed group of poor and petty knights. They were led by the preacher Peter the Hermit and the knight Walter the...
The second wave of crusaders, this time composed of more gentlemanly and knights and professional warriors, arrived in Constantinople in the autumn and winter of 1096. The second batch was not much of an improvement as far as the Byzantine emperor was concerned as it included amongst its leaders an old enemy, the Norman Bohemund of Taranto. He and ...
In December 1098 the crusader army marched onwards to Jerusalem, capturing several Syrian port cities on their way. They arrived, finally, at their ultimate destination on 7 June 1099. Of the vast army that had left Europe there were now only around 1,300 knights and some 12,500 infantry to achieve what was supposed to be the primary goal of the Cr...
Having accomplished their mission, many crusaders now returned to Europe, some with riches, a few with holy relics, but most rather worse for wear after years of hard battles and scant reward. A fresh wave of crusaders, though, arrived in Constantinople in 1100, and they were organised by Raymond of Toulouse. On 17 May 1101 Caesarea was captured; o...
The First Crusade was successful in that Jerusalem was recaptured, but to ensure the Holy City stayed in Christian hands, it was necessary that various western settlements were established in the Levant (collectively known as the Crusader States, the Latin East or Outremer). Orders of knights were created, too, for their better defence. Clearly, a ...
- Mark Cartwright
Jul 25, 2024 · Urban II (born c. 1035, Châtillon-sur-Marne, or Lagery, or Lagny, Champagne, France—died July 29, 1099, Rome [Italy]) was the head of the Roman Catholic Church (1088–99) who developed ecclesiastical reforms begun by Pope Gregory VII, launched the Crusade movement, and strengthened the papacy as a political entity.
- Alfons Becker
May 5, 2015 · Understanding of the scope of the Crusades widened with a new recognition that crusading extended far beyond the original 11th-century expeditions to the Holy Land, both in terms of chronology and scope.
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When did the 1090s start and end?
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The 1090s was the decade that started on January 1, 1090, and ended on December 31, 1099. It is distinct from the decade known as the 110th decade which began on January 1, 1091. and ended on December 31, 1100. Events. 1090 - Béjaïa becomes the capital of the Hammadid Dynasty in Algeria. 1091 - King William II of England invades Normandy.
