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origins of modern economic growth in the Philippines during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The essay seeks to establish this important point on the
- Josep M. Fradera
- 2004
- In The Beginning
- Revolutionary Narratives
- Colonialism: The Sequel
- Guide to The Present
Although the details vary in the retelling, one Philippine creation myth focuses on this core element: a piece of bamboo, emerging from the primordial earth, split apart by the beak of a powerful bird. From the bamboo a woman and man come forth, the progenitors of the Filipino people. The genesis of the Philippine nation, however, is a more complic...
During the late eighteenth century, revolutionaries such as Gabriela and Diego Silang fought for a free Ilocano nation in the northern Philippines. Other revolutionaries emerged, and by the end of the nineteenth century, leaders such as Andrés Bonifacio and Emilio Jacinto were pressuring Spanish leadership on several fronts. Future national hero Jo...
Scholars argue that the execution of Rizal inspired a broader fight for freedom from the Spanish government. Led by heroes such as Bonifacio, the Philippine Revolution began in 1896 and included numerous battles against Spanish forces on multiple fronts. By 1898, as Spain was fighting to quell the uprisings in the Philippines, it became embroiled i...
Yet while “independent” implied a Philippines officially free from foreign rule, many contemporary narratives of Filipino identity, citizenship, and statehood are inevitably influenced by the colonial past and, some say, the continuing undue influence of other countries. The political, social, and economic elites of the country, for example, are of...
People also ask
What is the economic history of the Philippines?
How did the Philippine economy enter the twentieth century?
How did the economy of Islas Filipinas grow?
How did colonial rule affect the Philippine economy?
The two most important novels ever written by a Filipino that powerfully document the complexity of colonial society are by Jose Rizal: Noli mi tangere and El Filibusterismo. 14 (See also Rizal’s subversive annotation of a 17th-century Spanish history of the Philippines by Antonio de Morga, Sucesos de las islas Filipinas.) 15 And for the ...
Historical and archaeological sources indicate that the 15th century set the stage for the entry of Southeast Asia into the maritime economy that linked east and west prior to the arrival of the Europeans in the 16th century CE. What was the impact of this regional trade in the Philippines?
- LOU MARXIS GALLEVO
Previously, the Philippines was seen as a trading post for international trade but in the nineteenth century it was developed both as a source of raw materials and as a market for manufactured goods. The economy of the Philippines rose rapidly and its local industries developed to satisfy the rising demands of an industrializing Europe.
The Spanish city of Manila was founded in 1571, and by the end of the 16th century most of the coastal and lowland areas from Luzon to northern Mindanao were under Spanish control. Friars marched with soldiers and soon accomplished the nominal conversion to Roman Catholicism of all the local people under Spanish administration.
Maritime trade in the Philippines underwent profound transformations during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. Whereas the country has had a long history of established economic networks within and outside its borders, the entry of the Europeans—Portuguese in Melaka and Spanish in the Philippines—opened up new markets that became ...
