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The 23rd century BC was a century that lasted from the year 2300 BC to 2201 BC. Events Ruins of the pyramid complex of Pepi II, possibly the longest reigning monarch in recorded history. 2334 BC – 2279 BC: (short chronology) Sargon of Akkad's conquest of Mesopotamia.
The 23rd century BC is a century which was from the year 2300 BC to 2201 BC. Events Ruins of the pyramid complex of Pepi II, the longest reigning monarch in recorded history. 2334 BC – 2279 BC: (short chronology) Sargon of Akkad's conquest of Mesopotamia.
The list below includes links to articles with further details for each decade, century, and millennium from 13,000 BC to AD 3000. Century. Decades. 13th millennium BC · 13,000–12,001 BC. 12th millennium BC · 12,000–11,001 BC.
- Ancient Times
- Middle Ages
- Renaissance
- Traditional Encyclopedias
- Emergence of Digital and Online Encyclopedia
Encyclopedias have existed for around 2,000 years, although even older glossaries such as the Babylonian Urra=hubullu and the ancient Chinese Eryaare also sometimes described as "encyclopedias".
The work De nuptiis Mercurii et Philologiae ("About the wedding of Mercury and Philologia") written by Martianus Capella (4th-5th century) was very influential on the successive medieval encyclopedias. It consists in a complete encyclopedia of classical erudition. It firstly introduced the division and classification of the seven liberal arts (triv...
These works were all hand copied and thus rarely available, beyond wealthy patrons or monastic men of learning: they were expensive, and usually written for those extending knowledge rather than those using it. During the Renaissance, the creation of printingallowed a wider diffusion of encyclopedias and every scholar could have his or her own copy...
Rise of printed encyclopedias
The beginnings of the modern idea of the general-purpose, widely distributed printed encyclopedia precede the 18th century encyclopedists. However, Chambers' Cyclopædia, or an Universal Dictionary of Arts and Sciences (1728), and the Encyclopédie of Diderot and D'Alembert (1751 onwards), as well as Encyclopædia Britannica and the Conversations-Lexikon, were the first to realize the form we would recognize today, with a comprehensive scope of topics, discussed in depth and organized in an acce...
International development
During the 19th and early 20th century, many smaller or less developed languages saw their first encyclopedias, using French, German, and English role models. While encyclopedias in larger languages, having large markets that could support a large editorial staff, churned out new 20-volume works in a few years and new editions with brief intervals, such publication plans often spanned a decade or more in non-European languages. The first large encyclopedia in Russian, Brockhaus and Efron Ency...
Digital technologies and online crowdsourcingallowed encyclopedias to break away from traditional limitations in both breadth and depth of topics covered.
Aug 6, 2022 · Encyclopaedia Britannica - Reader's Digest_hocr_searchtext.txt.gz download 2.9M Encyclopaedia Britannica - Volume 10_hocr_searchtext.txt.gz download
23rd century BC in Egypt (4 C, 2 P) 23rd-century BC establishments (2 C, 8 P)
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The Britannica was the idea of Colin Macfarquhar, a bookseller and printer, and Andrew Bell, an engraver, both of Edinburgh. They conceived of the Britannica as a conservative reaction to the French Encyclopédie of Denis Diderot (published 1751–1766), which was widely viewed as heretical.
