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Jun 14, 2023 · Learning Objectives. Explain the concepts of stress and strain in describing elastic deformations of materials. Describe the types of elastic deformation of objects and materials. A model of a rigid body is an idealized example of an object that does not deform under the actions of external forces.
Explain the concepts of stress and strain in describing elastic deformations of materials; Describe the types of elastic deformation of objects and materials
- Types of Stress
- Normal Stress
- Longitudinal Stress
- Bulk Stress Or Volume Stress
- Shearing Stress Or Tangential Stress
There are several types of stress in physics but it is mainly categorized into two forms that are Normal Stress and Tangential or Shearing Stress. Some stress types are discussed in the points below.
As the name suggests, Stress is said to be Normal stress when the direction of the deforming force is perpendicular to the cross-sectional area of the body. The length of the wire or the volume of the body changes stress will be at normal. Normal stress can be further classified into two types based on the dimension of force- 1. Longitudinal stress...
Consider a cylinder. When two cross-sectional areas of the cylinder are subjected to equal and opposite forces the stress experienced by the cylinder is called longitudinal stress. Longitudinal Stress = Deforming Force / Area of cross-section = F/A As the name suggests, when the body is under longitudinal stress- 1. The deforming force will be acti...
When the deforming force or applied force acts from all dimensions resulting in the change of volume of the object then such stress in called volumetric stress or Bulk stress. In short, when the volume of body changes due to the deforming force it is termed as Volume stress.
When the direction of the deforming force or external force is parallel to the cross-sectional area, the stress experienced by the object is called shearing stress or tangential stress. This results in the change in the shape of the body
- Example 5.3. The Stretch of a Long Cable. Suspension cables are used to carry gondolas at ski resorts. (See Figure 5.14) Consider a suspension cable that includes an unsupported span of 3020 m. Calculate the amount of stretch in the steel cable.
- Example 5.4. Calculating Deformation: How Much Does Your Leg Shorten When You Stand on It? Calculate the change in length of the upper leg bone (the femur) when a 70.0 kg man supports 62.0 kg of his mass on it, assuming the bone to be equivalent to a uniform rod that is 40.0 cm long and 2.00 cm in radius.
- Stress. The ratio of force to area, FAFA, is defined as stress measured in N/m2.
- Strain. The ratio of the change in length to length, ΔLL0ΔLL0, is defined as strain (a unitless quantity). In other words, stress=Y×strain.stress=Y×strain.
Feb 20, 2022 · We now consider three specific types of deformations: changes in length (tension and compression), sideways shear (stress), and changes in volume. All deformations are assumed to be small unless otherwise stated.
Simple types. In some situations, the stress within a body may adequately be described by a single number, or by a single vector (a number and a direction). Three such simple stress situations, that are often encountered in engineering design, are the uniaxial normal stress, the simple shear stress, and the isotropic normal stress.
Explain the concepts of stress and strain in describing elastic deformations of materials; Describe the types of elastic deformation of objects and materials
