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  1. Empress Dowager Cixi [tsʰɹ̩̌.ɕì] (29 November 1835 – 15 November 1908) was a Manchu noblewoman of the Yehe Nara clan who effectively controlled the Chinese government in the late Qing dynasty as empress dowager and regent for almost 50 years, from 1861 until her death in 1908. Selected as a concubine of the Xianfeng Emperor in her ...

  2. Cixi, consort of the Xianfeng emperor (reigned 1850–61), mother of the Tongzhi emperor (reigned 1861–75), adoptive mother of the Guangxu emperor (reigned 1875–1908), and a towering presence over the Chinese empire for almost half a century. She was one of the most powerful women in the history of China.

    • The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
  3. 9. The Empress Dowager Cixi seated and holding a fan 1903-1905. Even if Alute was murdered, Cixi wasn't necessarily responsible, as author Sterling Seagrave points out. The late emperor had five ...

  4. Tz'u-hsi or Cixi: The Dowager Empress of China. Tzu-Hsi (pronounced "Tsoo Shee"), or Cixi, was one of the most formidable women in modern history. She was famed for her beauty and charm. She was either a great friend or terrible enemy. She was power hungry, ruthless and profoundly skilled in court politics.

  5. Few people in history have been as thoroughly vilified as the Empress Dowager Cixi (sometimes spelled Tzu Hsi), one of the last empresses of China's Qing Dynasty. Depicted in writings by English contemporaries in the foreign service as cunning, treacherous and sex-crazed, Cixi was painted as a caricature of a woman, and a symbol of Europeans ...

  6. For the full article, see Cixi . Cixi , or Tz’u-hsi known as the Empress Dowager, (born Nov. 29, 1835, Beijing, China—died Nov. 15, 1908, Beijing), Imperial consort who controlled the Chinese Qing dynasty for almost half a century. A low-ranking concubine of the Xianfeng emperor (r. 1850–61), Cixi bore his only son, the future Tongzhi ...

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  8. Cixi (1835–1908)Manchu empress-dowager of China who dominated politics for half a century until her death, just three years before the 2,000-year-old imperial system was overthrown by the Republican Revolution. Name variations: Tz'u-hsi, and its alternate spellings, Tse-Hi, Tsu-Hsi, Tze Hsi, Tzu Hsi, T'zu Hsi, Tsze Hsi An; XiaoqinXian ...

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