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Cannabis ( / ˈkænəbɪs /) [2] adalah genus tumbuhan berbunga dari famili Cannabaceae. Tiga spesies yang dikenali antara lain Cannabis sativa, Cannabis indica, dan Cannabis ruderalis; C. ruderalis mungkin termasuk dalam C. sativa; ketiganya dapat diperlakukan sebagai subspesies dari satu spesies, C. sativa.
Pengispaan ganja adalah penghirupan asap atau uap yang dikeluarkan dengan memanaskan bunga, daun, dan sari ganja dan mengeluarkan kimia psikoaktif , Δ 9 - tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), yang masuk dalam aliran darah melalui paru-paru. Bukti arkeologi menyatakan bahwa ganda dengan kadar THC yang tinggi diisap pada setidaknya 2.500 tahun lalu. [1]
- History
- Timeline
- Law on Cannabis
- Legal Challenge
Early history
Cannabis was reported to have been used in as early as the 10th century in the island of Java. Likely used as a source of fibre and an intoxicant, although its use was not as common as other drugs such as tobacco, opium or betel. Traditional use of cannabis have also been found in northern part of Sumatra, more specifically in Aceh, with cannabis serving as an "intoxicating agent" whose leaves were regularly mixed and smoked with tobacco. While more commonly grown in Aceh and northern Sumatra...
Prohibition
Concerns over the use cannabis were raised at the International Opium Convention in 1912 in The Hague. An addendum to 1912 International Opium Convention was added in which "[t]he Conference considers it desirable to study the question of Indian hemp from the statistical and scientific point of view, with the object of regulating its abuses, should the necessity thereof be felt, by international legislation or by an international agreement." The colonial government soon instructed Willem G. B...
Post-independence
After the end of Dutch rule and the independence of Indonesia following the National Revolution, the new Indonesian government under president Sukarno kept the old colonial regulations regarding cannabis. Despite the relative unproblematic nature of cannabis in the country. Fifteen years following the 1961 UN Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, the Indonesian government passed a set of laws with regard to the use of psychoactive substances, including cannabis. The anti-narcotics law passed i...
The history of cannabis in Indonesia began with state-level prohibition in the early 20th century, enacted by the Dutch colonial government. The following is a timeline of the status of cannabis in Indonesia : 1. 1927 : Verdovende Middellen Ordonnantie (Decree on Narcotic Drugs) is passed, restricting the import, export, cultivation, possession, pr...
Punishment
According to the Law No. 35 Year 2009 on Narcotics, the punishment for cannabis related offenses are : 1. Personal use: maximum 4-year prison sentence and/or mandatory rehabilitation (Article 127). 2. Possession, cultivation, and supply provision: 4-12-year prison sentence and a fine between Rp 800 million – 8 billion.. 3. Cultivation of more than 1 kg or 5 plants: 5-20-year prison or life sentence with a higher amount of fines (Article 111). 4. Production, imports, exports, and distribution:...
The legal status of cannabis was challenged in the Constitutional Court by a group of citizens in 2020. The plaintiffs wanted to have cannabis removed from the narcotics list and given the status of a medical substance. On 20 July 2022, the Constitutional Court rejected Case No. 106/PUU-XX/2020 owing to the paucity of data supporting the claimants'...
Ganja di Indonesia adalah ilegal. Tanaman ganja, semua tanaman genus-genus Cannabis dan semua bagian dari tanaman termasuk biji , buah , jerami , hasil olahan tanaman ganja atau bagian tanaman ganja termasuk damar ganja dan hasis dikategorikan narkotika golongan I (satu).
Cannabis smoking (known colloquially as smoking weed or smoking pot) is the inhalation of smoke or vapor released by heating the flowers, leaves, or extracts of cannabis and releasing the main psychoactive chemical, Δ 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), which is absorbed into the bloodstream via the lungs.
Oct 22, 2014 · Tanaman-tanaman ganja ini dipercaya telah berevolusi di stepa Asia Tengah, khususnya di daerah yang saat ini kita kenal sebagai Mongolia dan Siberia selatan. Ribuan tahun lalu, ganja banyak ditanam di antara berbagai tanaman yang dibudidayakan manusia.
Feb 7, 2020 · However, it appears there is still a long way to go for cannabis decriminalization in Indonesia, as even the Indonesia Cannabis Movement (LGN), which has pushed for a revision of the 2009 law on ...
