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• Understand the definition of force. 4.2.Newton’s First Law of Motion: Inertia • Define mass and inertia. • Understand Newton's first law of motion. 4.3.Newton’s Second Law of Motion: Concept of a System • Define net force, external force, and system. • Understand Newton’s second law of motion.
Step 1: Draw free-body diagram showing forces (show direction of acceleration off to one side of diagram.) Step 2: Choose a coordinate system and a + direction (always best to choose the direction of the acceleration as the +direction) Step 3: Write down equations F . a , F y m a y.
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velocity = speed + direction of motion Things that have both a magnitude and a direction are called vectors. More on vectors in Ch.3. For 1D motion (motion along a straight line, like on an air track), we can represent the direction of motion with a +/– sign. + = going right .
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- What Is Translatory Motion?
- What Is Linear Motion?
- Circular Motion
- Random Motion
- What Is Rotatory Motion?
- What Is Vibratory Motion?
“In translational motion, a body moves along a line without any rotation. The line may be straight or curved.”Watch how various objects are moving. Do they move along a straight line? Do they move along a circle? A car moving in a straight line has transnational motion. Similarly, an airplane moving straight is in translational motion. Translatory ...
“Straight-line motion of a body is known as its linear motion.” We come across many objects which are moving in a straight line. The motion of objects such as cars moving on a straight and level road is linear motion. Airplanes flying straight in the air and objects falling vertically down are also examples of linear motion. In the above diagram, a...
“The motion of an object in a circular path is known as circular motion.”A toy train moving on a circular track. Earth revolving around the sun is an example of circular motion. A bicycle or a car moving along a circular track possesses circular motion. The motion of the moon around the earth is also an example of circular motion.
“The disordered or irregular motion of a body is called random motion.”Have you noticed the type of motion of insects and birds? Their movements are irregular and disorderly. The motion of insects and birds is a random motion example. The motion of dust or smoke particles in the air is also a random motion. The Brownian motion of a gas or liquid mo...
“The spinning motion of a body about its axis is called its rotatory motion.” Study the motion of a tap. It is spinning about an axis. Particles of the spinning top move in circles and thus individual particles possess circular motion. Does the top possess circular motion? The top spins about its axis passing through it and thus it possesses rotato...
“The motion of a body about its mean position is known as vibratory motion.” Consider a baby in a swing as shown in the above figure. As it is pushed, the swing moves back and forth about its mean position. The motion of the baby repeats from one extreme to the other extreme with the swing. The motion of the pendulum of a clock about its mean posit...
Step 1: Draw free-body diagram showing forces (show direction of acceleration off to one side of diagram.) Step 2: Choose a coordinate system with a (+)direction (almost always best to choose the direction of the acceleration as the +direction) Step 3: Write down equations F . a , F y m a y.
coefficient or rolling friction μ. , defined as the ratio of the force needed for constant speed to the normal force exerted by the surface over which the rolling motion takes place, is significantly lower than the coefficient of kinetic friction μ. Typical values for μ range from 10−3 to 10−2.
These notes were updated in 2022 to reflect corrections that readers have noticed. Chapter 1: Introduction to Classical Mechanics (PDF) Chapter 2: Units, Dimensional Analysis, Problem Solving, and Estimation (PDF - 4.5 MB) Chapter 3: Vectors (PDF - 4.4 MB) Chapter 4: One Dimensional Kinematics (PDF - 3.2 MB)
