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December 1898 – Treaty of Paris ends the Spanish-American War, the Philippines ceded to the United States after the U.S. pays Spain $20 million. March 1901 – U.S. Army General Frederick Funston captures Aguinaldo through a ploy
Before the US Senate ratified the treaty, on February 4, 1899, a member of the Filipino rebel force tried to enter U.S.-occupied Manila, and was killed by an American soldier. This began the Filipino insurrection, fighting between the U.S. Army and the Filipino rebels.
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The U.S. bases its title to the Philippine archipelago on Spain’s title, which was based on discovery, and the subsequent cession of the Philippines to the U.S. pursuant to the Treaty of Paris. This assumes that Spain had sovereign rights over the Philippines until the Spanish-American War, enabling the cession.
4. Opposing the Treaty of Paris. The primary foreign policy issue after the War of 1898 was the acqui-sition of territory, and particularly the acquisition of the Philippines. The Teller Amendment barred the annexation of Cuba. Guam was of only marginal significance because it was geographically miniscule and had an equally small population.
- Michael Patrick Cullinane
- 2012
The fighting with Filipino rebels began as a result of the U.S. refusal to include the Filipino nationalists in negotiations over the future of the Philippines. The Philippines were ceded to the United States by Spain for $20 million by the Treaty of Paris, signed on December 10, 1898.
In a mood of division and animosity, the Treaty of Paris was approved by the Senate by just one vote more than the two-thirds majority needed. Before Dewey took Manilla, the Spanish had crushed a Filipino nationalist revolt led by General Emilio Aguinaldo, who was forced into exile.
In the Treaty of Paris, the US agreed to annex the Philippines at the cost of $20 million. Angered by the betrayal, Filipinos declared war. The Philippine-American War was a bloodier and more brutal affair than its predecessor.
