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1. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov › pmc › articlesSynthesis and decoding of selenocysteine and human health

   www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov › pmc › articles

   Oct 9, 2012 · The mechanism of selenocysteine synthesis. Selenocysteine, also known as the 21st amino acid, is unique among the proteinogenic amino acids. It is the only amino acid containing an essential dietary micronutrient (selenium) as a constitutive component, the only amino acid encoded by a UGA codon and the only one synthesized on its tRNA in all domains of life.

   • Figure 4

     Mutations in components of the synthetic and decoding...

   • Table 1

     Selenocysteine, the 21st amino acid, has been found in 25...

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     Point mutations in SepSecS give rise to progressive...

   • The Selenocysteine-specific Elongation Factor Contains a Novel and Multi-functional Domain

     The selenocysteine (Sec)-specific eukaryotic elongation...

   • Secis

     Background: Selenocysteine incorporation requires unique...

   • Structure of a tRNA-dependent Kinase Essential for Selenocysteine Decoding

     Overall Structure. The crystal structure of MjPSTK was...

2. www.sciencedirect.com › science › articleThe selenocysteine toolbox: A guide to studying the 21st ...

   www.sciencedirect.com › science › article

   Nov 15, 2022 · In bacteria, Ser-tRNA Sec is converted to Sec-tRNA Sec in a single step by selenocysteine synthase (SelA). In eukaryotes this process occurs in two separate steps: i) phosphorylation of Ser by O -phosphoseryl-tRNA kinase (PSTK) then ii) conversion of phosphoserine (Sep) to Sec by Sep-tRNA:Sec-tRNA synthase (SepSecS).

3. People also ask

   What is a selenocysteine residue in a selenoprotein?

   • A selenocysteine residue of a selenoprotein is analogous to cysteine, but a selenium atom takes the place of sulfur. Selenocysteine is cotranslationally incorporated at a predefined UGA codon that has been recoded from termination to selenocysteine insertion by species-specific mechanisms dependent on structural elements of the mRNA.

   Exploiting the 21st amino acid—purifying and labeling ... - Nature

   www.nature.com/articles/nmeth707

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   How is selenocysteine encoded?

   • Unlike other amino acids present in biological proteins, selenocysteine is not coded for directly in the genetic code. Instead, it is encoded in a special way by a UGA codon, which is normally the "opal" stop codon.

   Selenocysteine - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selenocysteine

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   How selenocysteine is encoded in selenoprotein mRNA?

   • A selenocysteine residue is encoded by the UGA codon in selenoprotein mRNA , which is decoded by selenocysteyl-tRNA [Ser]Sec [ 3 , 4 ]. The selenocysteine moiety on selenocysteyl-tRNA [Ser]Sec is biosynthesized using selenophosphate , which is produced from selenide and ATP by selenophosphate synthetase [ 5 , 6 ].

   Mechanism, Structure, and Biological Role of Selenocysteine ... - Springer

   link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-3-319-41283-2_10

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4. en.wikipedia.org › wiki › SelenocysteineSelenocysteine - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org › wiki › Selenocysteine

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   Rather, the tRNA-bound seryl residue is converted to a selenocysteine residue by the pyridoxal phosphate-containing enzyme selenocysteine synthase. In eukaryotes and archaea, two enzymes are required to convert tRNA-bound seryl residue into tRNA selenocysteinyl residue: PSTK (O-phosphoseryl-tRNA[Ser]Sec kinase) and selenocysteine synthase.

5. link.springer.com › content › pdfMechanism, Structure, and Biological Role of Selenocysteine ...

   link.springer.com › content › pdf

   A selenocysteine residue is encoded by the UGA codon in selenoprotein mRNA , which is decoded by selenocysteyl-tRNA [Ser]Sec [ 3 , 4 ]. The selenocysteine moiety on selenocysteyl-tRNA [Ser]Sec is biosynthesized using selenophosphate , which is produced from selenide and ATP by selenophosphate synthetase [ 5 , 6 ].

6. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov › pmc › articlesThe Molecular Biology of Selenocysteine - PMC

   www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov › pmc › articles

   Aug 1, 2013 · Abstract. Selenium is an essential trace element that is incorporated into 25 human proteins as the amino acid selenocysteine (Sec). The incorporation of this amino acid turns out to be a fascinating problem in molecular biology because Sec is encoded by a stop codon, UGA. Layered on top of the canonical translation elongation machinery is a ...

   • Author: Jonathan N. Gonzalez-Flores, Sumangala P. Shetty, Aditi Dubey, Paul R. Copeland
   • DOI: 10.1515/bmc-2013-0007

   • Publish Year: 2013
   • Published: 2013/08/08

7. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov › pmc › articlesMechanisms Affecting the Biosynthesis and Incorporation Rate ...

   www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov › pmc › articles

   Nov 25, 2021 · In the SBIP pathway, the first step of the synthesis of Sec is to aminoacylate and synthesize the transporter SelC into Ser-tRNA [Ser]Sec under the action of SerS; after the conversion from Ser to Sec on tRNA [Ser]Sec, Sec-tRNA [Ser]Sec is finally gathered in the translation complex SelB•GTP•Sec-tRNA [Ser]Sec •mRNA. Therefore, SelC is ...

8. www.nature.com › articles › nmeth707Exploiting the 21st amino acid—purifying and labeling ...

   www.nature.com › articles › nmeth707

   Sep 29, 2004 · Several approaches have previously been attempted for incorporating selenocysteine site specifically into proteins, including native chemical ligation, conversion of reactive serine residues...