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The World Factbook, produced by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), estimates the ten most spoken languages (L1 + L2) in 2022 as follows: Most spoken languages, CIA, 2022 [46] Language
- Lists of Languages
Published lists. SIL International's Ethnologue: Languages...
- First-language
The monument to the mother tongue (ana dili) in Nakhchivan,...
- Creole Languages
An English-based creole language (often shortened to English...
- Hindi
Modern Standard Hindi, (आधुनिक मानक हिन्दी, Ādhunik Mānak...
- Bengali
Bengali, also known by its endonym Bangla (বাংলা, Bāṅlā, ⓘ),...
- Modern Standard Arabic
Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) or Modern Written Arabic (MWA)...
- Thai
A native Thai speaker, recorded in Bangkok. Thai, or Central...
- Russian
Russian is an East Slavic language, spoken primarily in...
- Urdu
Urdu (/ ˈ ʊər d uː /; اردو, ⓘ; ALA-LC: Urdū) is an...
- Lists of Languages
A second language ( L2) is a language spoken in addition to one's first language (L1). A second language may be a neighbouring language, another language of the speaker's home country, or a foreign language.
Second-language acquisition (SLA), sometimes called second-language learning—otherwise referred to as L2 (language 2) acquisition, is the process by which people learn a second language. Second-language acquisition is also the scientific discipline devoted to studying that process.
A second language is any language that a person uses other than a first or native language. Contemporary linguists and educators commonly use the term L1 to refer to a first or native language, and the term L2 to refer to a second language or a foreign language that's being studied.
This Element provides a synthesis of contemporary research on the interplay between language and cognition in speakers of two or more languages and examines variables deemed to impact bilingual acquisition and conceptualization of language-specific thinking patterns during L2 learning.
A loudspeaker (commonly referred to as a speaker or speaker driver) is an electroacoustic transducer: 597 that converts an electrical audio signal into a corresponding sound.
Spanish is the world's second-most spoken native language after Mandarin Chinese; the world's fourth-most spoken language overall after English, Mandarin Chinese, and Hindustani (Hindi-Urdu); and the world's most widely spoken Romance language.
