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1. • Intravenous methylene blue

     • Sodium nitrite causes methemoglobinemia and hypotension. The recommended treatment of sodium nitrite and resultant methemoglobinemia is intravenous methylene blue. The dose is typically 1–2 mg/kg intravenously over 5 minutes, 8 with a maximum dose of 7 mg/kg, even in cases of severe methemoglobinemia.
     www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov › pmc › articles

     Survival after self‐poisoning with sodium nitrite: A case ...

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   What should I do if I am exposed to nitrates?

   • If someone has been exposed to nitrates and nitrites, check the web POISON CONTROL ® online tool or call Poison Control at 1-800-222-1222 for guidance. Diseases and contaminants: nitrate and drinking water from private wells.

   Nitrate/Nitrite Poisoning, Why So Blue? | Poison Control

   www.poison.org/articles/causes-and-symptoms-of-nitrate-nitrite-poisoning-174

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   Is sodium nitrate toxic?

   • Genotoxicity of Sodium Nitrite In Vitro. Ingestion is the major source of exposure to nitrate and nitrite. Vegetables are the main source of nitrate in the diet (approximately 60–80% of total nitrate intake); nitrate in some drinking water sources may contribute 15–20% of total nitrate intake.

   HEALTH EFFECTS - Toxicological Profile for Nitrate and Nitrite - NCBI

   www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK592476/

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   When should EMS consider sodium nitrite toxicity?

   • EMS professionals should consider sodium nitrite toxicity in patients with a suspected overdose who present with a cyanotic appearance, pulse oximetry that remains around 85% despite oxygen, and dark brown blood seen on venipuncture. Early prehospital contact with the Poison Control Center and ED prenotification in poisoned patients is encouraged.

   Fatal Sodium Nitrite Poisoning: Key Considerations for ... - PubMed

   pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33074043/

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3. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov › pmc › articlesSurvival after self‐poisoning with sodium nitrite: A case report

   www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov › pmc › articles

   Mar 17, 2022 · The recommended treatment of sodium nitrite and resultant methemoglobinemia is intravenous methylene blue. The dose is typically 1–2 mg/kg intravenously over 5 minutes, 8 with a maximum dose of 7 mg/kg, even in cases of severe methemoglobinemia.

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     Sodium nitrite ingestion poses a considerable public health...

   • Sodium Nitrite Intoxication and Death: Summarizing Evidence ...

     The present systematic review, which was conducted according...

4. www.atsdr.cdc.gov › csem › nitrate-nitriteNitrate/Nitrite Toxicity: How Should Patients Overexposed to ...

   www.atsdr.cdc.gov › csem › nitrate-nitrite

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   Describe treatment modalities in the management of methemoglobinemia caused by nitrate and nitrite toxicity. Introduction General principles of supportive care, with attention to removal of the cause, will suffice for most identified cases of methemoglobinemia resulting from nitrates and nitrites.

5. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov › 33074043Fatal Sodium Nitrite Poisoning: Key Considerations for ...

   pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov › 33074043

   EMS professionals should consider sodium nitrite toxicity in patients with a suspected overdose who present with a cyanotic appearance, pulse oximetry that remains around 85% despite oxygen, and dark brown blood seen on venipuncture.

   • Author: Matthew R. Neth, Jennifer S. Love, B. Zane Horowitz, Michael D. Shertz, Ritu Sahni, Mohamud R. Daya

   • Publish Year: 2021

6. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov › books › NBK592476HEALTH EFFECTS - Toxicological Profile for Nitrate and ...

   www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov › books › NBK592476

   RTECS (2014) lists oral LD 50 values for sodium nitrate of 1,267, 3,500, and 2,680 mg/kg for the rat, mouse, and rabbit, respectively; LD 50 values for sodium nitrite of 157.9, 175, and 186 mg/kg for the rat, mouse, and rabbit, respectively; LD 50 values for potassium nitrate of 3,540 and 3,750 for the rat and 1,901 mg/kg for the rabbit; and an ...

   • Published: 2017/07

7. www.webmd.com › first-aid › sodium-nitrite-toxicitySodium Nitrite Toxicity - WebMD

   www.webmd.com › first-aid › sodium-nitrite-toxicity

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   Jul 15, 2023 · Nausea. Fatigue. Rapid heart rate. Loss of consciousness. Confusion. Dizziness. A blue color on the skin and lips. Sodium nitrite poisoning can also cause diarrhea and pain in your belly. Call 911 ...

8. www.poison.org › articles › causes-and-symptoms-ofNitrate/Nitrite Poisoning, Why So Blue? | Poison Control

   www.poison.org › articles › causes-and-symptoms-of

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   The Bottom Line. Nitrates and nitrites are abundant in the environment and are found in medicines and products in the home. Overexposure to nitrates and nitrites can lead to a condition called methemoglobinemia in which the body is deprived of oxygen, causing a blue-gray discoloration of the skin.