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Stainless steel, also known as inox, corrosion-resistant steel (CRES), and rustless steel, is an alloy of iron that is resistant to rusting and corrosion. It contains iron with chromium and other elements such as molybdenum , carbon , nickel and nitrogen depending on its specific use and cost.
- Austenitic Stainless Steel
Austenitic stainless steel
- Self-healing Material
Self-healing material
- List of Applications of Stainless Steel
Stainless steel is used in a variety of applications in...
- Martensitic Stainless Steel
Martensitic stainless steel
- Cleanability
Cleanability is a term used to describe a material's ability...
- Surgical Instruments
Surgical instrument
- Corrosion Engineering
Corrosion engineering
- Cutlery
Cutlery - Wikipedia ... Cutlery
- Austenitic Stainless Steel
Titanium is used in steel as an alloying element (ferro-titanium) to reduce grain size and as a deoxidizer, and in stainless steel to reduce carbon content. [9] Titanium is often alloyed with aluminium (to refine grain size), vanadium, copper (to harden), iron, manganese, molybdenum, and other metals. [92]
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- Beta-Titanium
- Transition Temperature
- Properties
- Titanium Grades
- Heat Treatment
- Applications
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Titanium alloys are generally classified into four main categories: 1. Alpha alloys which contain neutral alloying elements (such as tin) and/ or alpha stabilisers (such as aluminium or oxygen) only. These are not heat treatable. Examples include:Ti-5Al-2Sn-ELI, Ti-8Al-1Mo-1V. 2. Near-alpha alloys contain small amount of ductile beta-phase. Besides...
Beta titanium alloys exhibit the BCC allotropic form of titanium (called beta). Elements used in this alloy are one or more of the following other than titanium in varying amounts. These are molybdenum, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, zirconium, manganese, iron, chromium, cobalt, nickel, and copper. The titanium alloys have excellent formability and c...
The crystal structure of titanium at ambient temperature and pressure is close-packed hexagonal α phase with a c/a ratio of 1.587. At about 890 °C, the titanium undergoes an allotropictransformation to a body-centred cubic β phase which remains stable to the melting temperature. Some alloying elements, called alpha stabilizers, raise the alpha-to-b...
Generally, beta-phase titanium is the more ductile phase and alpha-phase is stronger yet less ductile, due to the larger number of slip planes in the bcc structure of the beta-phase in comparison to the hcpalpha-phase. Alpha-beta-phase titanium has a mechanical property which is in between both. Titanium dioxide dissolves in the metal at high tempe...
The ASTM Internationalstandard on titanium and titanium alloy seamless pipe references the following alloys, requiring the following treatment: Grade 1 1. is the most ductile and softest titanium alloy. It is a good solution for cold forming and corrosive environments. ASTM/ASME SB-265 provides the standards for commercially pure titanium sheet and...
Titanium alloys are heat treatedfor a number of reasons, the main ones being to increase strength by solution treatment and aging as well as to optimize special properties, such as fracture toughness, fatigue strength and high temperature creep strength. Alpha and near-alpha alloys cannot be dramatically changed by heat treatment. Stress relief and...
Aerospace structures
Titanium is used regularly in aviation for its resistance to corrosion and heat, and its high strength-to-weight ratio. Titanium alloys are generally stronger than aluminium alloys, while being lighter than steel. It has been used in the earliest Apollo Program and Project Mercury. The Ti-3Al-2.5V alloy, which consists of 3% aluminum and 2.5% vanadium, was designed for low-temperature environments, maintaining high toughness and ductility even under cryogenic conditions in space. It is used i...
Architectural uses
Titanium alloys have been used occasionally in architecture.
Biomedical
Titanium alloys have been extensively used for the manufacturing of metal orthopedic joint replacements and bone plate surgeries. They are normally produced from wrought or cast bar stock by CNC, CAD-driven machining, or powder metallurgy production. Each of these techniques comes with inherent advantages and disadvantages. Wrought products come with an extensive material loss during machining into the final shape of the product and for cast samples the acquirement of a product in its final s...
Jun 6, 2024 · Uncover which metal reigns supreme in the battle of strength and durability - titanium or stainless steel. Their features, pros, cons, and how to choose.
Sep 20, 2018 · When bonding titanium alloy and stainless steel, Cu, Ni, Ag, V, and Nb are often composed as the interlayer to restrain diffusion of Fe atom into titanium alloy side and reduce or remove the formation of FeTi and Fe-Cr-Ti phases.
Sep 13, 2023 · Titanium is well known for its strength, lightness, and bio-compatibility, has established a dominant role in industries spanning from aerospace to medicine. Its versatility is not just about its intrinsic characteristics but also the range of grades available that cater to diverse applications.
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Jun 30, 2023 · For example, when it's alloyed with 6% aluminum and 4% vanadium, titanium has half the weight of steel and up to four times the strength. Uses of titanium Titanium is a highly corrosion-resistant metal with great tensile strength.
