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What did Gertrude Elion discover?
When did Gertrude Elion win a Nobel Prize?
How did George Hitchings and Gertrude Elion develop new drugs?
Why did George Hitchings and Gertrude Elion win a Nobel Prize?
Rather than relying on trial and error, Elion and Hitchings discovered new drugs using rational drug design, which used the differences in biochemistry and metabolism between normal human cells and pathogens (disease-causing agents such as cancer cells, protozoa, bacteria, and viruses) to design drugs that could kill or inhibit the reproduction ...
Gertrude B. Elion was an American pharmacologist who, along with George H. Hitchings and Sir James W. Black, received the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1988 for their development of drugs used to treat several major diseases.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
Apr 2, 2014 · American biochemist and pharmacologist Gertrude B. Elion helped develop drugs to treat leukemia and prevent kidney transplant rejection. She won a Nobel Prize for medicine in 1988.
Hitchings assigned Elion to investigate the purines, including adenine and guanine, two of DNA’s building blocks, and their role in nucleic acid metabolism in cells. They soon discovered that bacterial cells required certain purines in order to make DNA.
On the Road to the Nobel. In addition to 6-MP, Elion went on to discover a series of drugs that attack the life cycle of nucleic acid, including allopurinol—which inhibits uric acid synthesis, making it a viable treatment for gout—and azathioprine (Imuran), an effective immunosuppressive drug.
Aug 31, 2020 · Born in 1918 in Manhattan, Gertrude Elion developed the drug acyclovir, a potent inhibitor of herpes viruses with remarkably low toxicity, which her team unveiled in 1978. Creative...
Jun 27, 2018 · By 1951, as a senior research chemist, Elion discovered the first effective compound against childhood leukemia. The compound, 6-mercaptopurine (6MP; trade name Purinethol), interfered with the synthesis of leukemia cells.
